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Sleep efficiency ( SE) is the ratio between the time a person spends asleep, and the total time dedicated to sleep (i.e. both sleeping and attempting to fall asleep or fall back asleep). It is given as a percentage. [1] SE of 80% or more is considered normal/healthy with most young healthy adults displaying SE above 90%.
Developmental changes Adolescent sleep worsens with age. Specifically, longitudinal research demonstrates that sleep duration shortens during the transition from high school to college. [6] Additionally, sleep efficiency (the amount of time spent asleep when in bed) decreased during this transition. Day-to-day variability in sleep duration increased during this transition, suggesting that ...
It is sometimes called the ultradian sleep cycle, sleep–dream cycle, or REM-NREM cycle, to distinguish it from the circadian alternation between sleep and wakefulness. In humans, this cycle takes 70 to 110 minutes (90 ± 20 minutes). [1] Within the sleep of adults and infants there are cyclic fluctuations between quiet and active sleep.
The main health effects of sleep deprivation, indicating impairment of normal maintenance by sleep. Human sleep-needs vary by age and amongst individuals; sleep is considered to be adequate when there is no daytime sleepiness or dysfunction.
The average adult needs to sleep for 7 to 8 hours every 24 hours, and sleep deprivation can occur if they do not get enough sleep. [3] Acute sleep deprivation is when a person sleeps less than usual or does not sleep at all for a short period of time, normally lasting one to two days, but tends to follow the sleepless pattern for longer with no outside factors in play. Chronic sleep ...
Total sleep time in a 24-hour period may range from several minutes to a couple of hours, [116] mostly in short intervals of about 15 minutes each. [117] The average sleep time of a domestic horse is said to be 2.9 hours per day. [118]
Sleep in animals refers to a behavioral and physiological state characterized by altered consciousness, reduced responsiveness to external stimuli, and homeostatic regulation observed in various animals. [citation needed] Sleep has been observed in mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and some fish, [citation needed] and, in some form, in ...
Screen time is the amount of time spent using a device with a screen such as a smartphone, computer, television, video game console, or even a tablet. [1] The concept is under significant research with related concepts in digital media use and mental health. Screen time is correlated with mental and physical harm in child development. [2] The positive or negative health effects of screen time ...