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This diagnosis involves various non-specific symptoms that are attributed to the thyroid, despite normal thyroid function tests. The American Thyroid Association has raised concern that the prescribed treatment with triiodothyronine is potentially harmful. History. In 1950 Dr Jack Gross, a Canadian endocrinologist, came to the British National ...
Tumor marker. A tumor marker is a biomarker that can be used to indicate the presence of cancer or the behavior of cancers (measure progression or response to therapy). They can be found in bodily fluids or tissue. Markers can help with assessing prognosis, surveilling patients after surgical removal of tumors, and even predicting drug-response ...
Euthyroid sick syndrome. Euthyroid sick syndrome ( ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback control ...
Thyroid neoplasm is a neoplasm or tumor of the thyroid. It can be a benign tumor such as thyroid adenoma, [1] or it can be a malignant neoplasm ( thyroid cancer ), such as papillary, follicular, medullary or anaplastic thyroid cancer. [2] Most patients are 25 to 65 years of age when first diagnosed; women are more affected than men.
An illustration depicting primary tumor (in the form of tumor microenvironment) and the circulating tumor cells. A circulating tumor cell ( CTC) is a cell that has shed into the vasculature or lymphatics [1] from a primary tumor and is carried around the body in the blood circulation. CTCs can extravasate and become seeds for the subsequent ...
The main diagnostic sign is an oral body temperature that averages well below 37.0 °C (98.6 °F). This overlaps with normal body temperature, which is usually within the range of 36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F). Wilson says that his diagnosis is confirmed if the patient responds to treatment with slow-release T3 (SR-T3).
Thyroglobulin ( Tg) is a 660 kDa, dimeric glycoprotein produced by the follicular cells of the thyroid and used entirely within the thyroid gland. Tg is secreted and accumulated at hundreds of grams per litre in the extracellular compartment of the thyroid follicles, accounting for approximately half of the protein content of the thyroid gland. [5]
The objective of cancer screening is to detect cancer before symptoms appear, involving various methods such as blood tests, urine tests, DNA tests, and medical imaging. [1] [2] The purpose of screening is early cancer detection, to make the cancer easier to treat and extending life expectancy. [3] In 2019, cancer was the second leading cause ...