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Competitor indexing. Competitor indexing is a price setting technique used by marketers, in which a firm pegs the prices of its products those of a competitor. This may involve matching competitors' prices, or setting prices at a fixed amount or percentage above or below. This strategy is typically used by fringe firms in industries with one or ...
Absorption pricing. This pricing method aims to recover all the costs of producing a product. The price of a product includes the variable cost of each item plus a proportionate amount of the fixed costs: Unit Variable Costs + (Overhead + Managing Costs) รท Number of units produced = Absorption Price. Fixed or variable costs, direct or indirect ...
Loss leader. A loss leader (also leader) [1] is a pricing strategy where a product is sold at a price below its market cost [2] to stimulate other sales of more profitable goods or services. With this sales promotion / marketing strategy, a "leader" is any popular article, i.e., sold at a low price to attract customers. [3]
Stackelberg competition. The Stackelberg leadership model is a strategic game in economics in which the leader firm moves first and then the follower firms move sequentially (hence, it is sometimes described as the "leader-follower game"). It is named after the German economist Heinrich Freiherr von Stackelberg who published Marktform und ...
Strategy. Porter's generic strategies describe how a company pursues competitive advantage across its chosen market scope. There are three/four generic strategies, either lower cost, differentiated, or focus. A company chooses to pursue one of two types of competitive advantage, either via lower costs than its competition or by differentiating ...
Predatory pricing is a commercial pricing strategy which involves the use of large scale undercutting to eliminate competition. This is where an industry dominant firm with sizable market power will deliberately reduce the prices of a product or service to loss-making levels to attract all consumers and create a monopoly . [ 1 ]
Where pricing is strategic, marketers develop an overall pricing strategy which is consistent with the organization's mission and values. This pricing strategy typically becomes part of the company's overall long-term strategic plan. The strategy is designed to provide broad guidance for price-setters and ensures that the pricing strategy is ...
There exist two types of price leadership. [14] In dominant firm price leadership, the price leader is the biggest firm. In barometric firm price leadership, the most reliable firm emerges as the best barometer of market conditions, or the firm could be the one with the lowest costs of production, leading other firms to follow suit. Although ...