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Differential diagnosis. low back pain. Waddell's signs are a group of physical signs, first described in a 1980 article in Spine, and named for the article's principal author, Professor Gordon Waddell (1943–2017), a Scottish Orthopedic Surgeon. [ 1][ 2] Waddell's signs may indicate non-organic or psychological component to chronic low back pain.
Sensory deprivation. Sensory deprivation or perceptual isolation[ 1] is the deliberate reduction or removal of stimuli from one or more of the senses. Simple devices such as blindfolds or hoods and earmuffs can cut off sight and hearing, while more complex devices can also cut off the sense of smell, touch, taste, thermoception (heat-sense ...
The mental status examination is a core skill of qualified (mental) health personnel. It is a key part of the initial psychiatric assessment in an outpatient or psychiatric hospital setting. It is a systematic collection of data based on observation of the patient's behavior while the patient is in the clinician's view during the interview.
PHQ-9. The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire ( PHQ-9) is a depressive symptom scale and diagnostic tool introduced in 2001 to screen adult patients in primary care settings. The instrument assesses for the presence and severity of depressive symptoms and a possible depressive disorder. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The PHQ-9 is a component of the larger ...
Simulated patient. In health care, a simulated patient ( SP ), also known as a standardized patient, sample patient, or patient instructor, is an individual trained to act as a real patient in order to simulate a set of symptoms or problems. Simulated patients have been successfully utilized for education, evaluation of health care ...
The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ( HRSD ), [ 1] also called the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ( HDRS ), sometimes also abbreviated as HAM-D, is a multiple-item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression, and as a guide to evaluate recovery. [ 2] Max Hamilton originally published the scale in 1960 [ 3] and revised it in ...
Definition. Medication is a medicine or a chemical compound used to treat or cure illness. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, medication is "a substance used in treating a disease or relieving pain ". [ 3] As defined by the National Cancer Institute, dosage forms of medication can include tablets, capsules, liquids, creams, and patches.
Mixed anxiety–depressive disorder ( MADD) is a diagnostic category that defines patients who have both anxiety and depressive symptoms of limited and equal intensity accompanied by at least some autonomic nervous system features. Autonomic features are involuntary physical symptoms usually caused by an overactive nervous system, such as panic ...