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Cerebral atrophy is a common feature of many of the diseases that affect the brain. [ 1] Atrophy of any tissue means a decrement in the size of the cell, which can be due to progressive loss of cytoplasmic proteins. In brain tissue, atrophy describes a loss of neurons and the connections between them. Brain atrophy can be classified into two ...
Cerebrospinal fluid leak. A cerebrospinal fluid leak ( CSF leak or CSFL) is a medical condition where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord leaks out of one or more holes or tears in the dura mater. [ 1] A CSF leak is classed as either spontaneous (primary), having no known cause ( sCSF leak ), or nonspontaneous ...
About 15% of the blood volume is present in the arteries, 40% in the veins, and 45% in the nerve tissue and capillaries. There is a difference between the cerebral blood volume of gray and white matter. The cerebral blood volume value of gray matter is about 3.5 +/- 0.4 ml/100g, and the white matter is about 1.7 +/- 0.4 ml/100g.
Cerebral edema is excess accumulation of fluid ( edema) in the intracellular or extracellular spaces of the brain. [ 1] This typically causes impaired nerve function, increased pressure within the skull, and can eventually lead to direct compression of brain tissue and blood vessels. [ 1] Symptoms vary based on the location and extent of edema ...
Severely high ICP can cause the brain to herniate. Intracranial pressure ( ICP) is the pressure exerted by fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the skull and on the brain tissue. ICP is measured in millimeters of mercury ( mmHg) and at rest, is normally 7–15 mmHg for a supine adult. This equals to 9–20 cmH 2 O, which is a common ...
Cerebellum (labeled bottom right) of the human brain. It is located above the brain stem, posterior to the brain. Cerebellar degeneration is a condition in which cerebellar cells, otherwise known as neurons, become damaged and progressively weaken in the cerebellum. [1] There are two types of cerebellar degeneration; paraneoplastic cerebellar ...
Ventriculomegaly is a brain condition that mainly occurs in the fetus when the lateral ventricles become dilated. The most common definition uses a width of the atrium of the lateral ventricle of greater than 10 mm. [ 1] This occurs in around 1% of pregnancies. [ 2] When this measurement is between 10 and 15 mm, the ventriculomegaly may be ...
Specialty. Neurology. Cerebral infarction, also known as an ischemic stroke, is the pathologic process that results in an area of necrotic tissue in the brain (cerebral infarct). [ 1] In mid to high income countries, a stroke is the main reason for disability among people and the 2nd cause of death. [ 2]