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  2. Pneumoperitoneum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumoperitoneum

    Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity. The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma.

  3. Chilaiditi syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilaiditi_syndrome

    A small crescent of air can be seen under the right part of the diaphragm, caused by Chilaiditi's sign. However, it could easily be mistaken for free intra-abdominal air (pneumoperitoneum) which could mistakenly be attributed to bowel perforation. Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition when pain occurs due to transposition of a loop of large ...

  4. Hiatal hernia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiatal_hernia

    A hiatal hernia or hiatus hernia [2] is a type of hernia in which abdominal organs (typically the stomach) slip through the diaphragm into the middle compartment of the chest. [1] [3] This may result in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with symptoms such as a taste of acid in the back of the mouth or heartburn.

  5. Diaphragm pacing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragm_pacing

    Diaphragm pacing (and even earlier as electrophrenic respiration[ 1][ 2]) is the rhythmic application of electrical impulses to the diaphragm to provide artificial ventilatory support for respiratory failure or sleep apnea. [ 3][ 4] Historically, this has been accomplished through the electrical stimulation of a phrenic nerve by an implanted ...

  6. Diaphragmatic hernia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragmatic_hernia

    The largest object seen in the thorax is the rest of the liver. Just to the right of that is the heart. The liver was connected to itself through a small hole in the diaphragm (not seen). Diaphragmatic hernia is a defect or hole in the diaphragm that allows the abdominal contents to move into the chest cavity. Treatment is usually surgical.

  7. Diaphragmatic rupture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragmatic_rupture

    15–40% mortality rate. Diaphragmatic rupture (also called diaphragmatic injury or tear) is a tear of the diaphragm, the muscle across the bottom of the ribcage that plays a crucial role in breathing. Most commonly, acquired diaphragmatic tears result from physical trauma. Diaphragmatic rupture can result from blunt or penetrating trauma and ...

  8. Restrictive lung disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restrictive_lung_disease

    Pulmonology. Restrictive lung diseases are a category of extrapulmonary, pleural, or parenchymal respiratory diseases that restrict lung expansion, [2] resulting in a decreased lung volume, an increased work of breathing, and inadequate ventilation and/or oxygenation. Pulmonary function test demonstrates a decrease in the forced vital capacity.

  9. Thoracic diaphragm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm

    The thoracic diaphragm, or simply the diaphragm (/ ˈdaɪəfræm /; [1] Ancient Greek: διάφραγμα, romanized: diáphragma, lit. 'partition'), is a sheet of internal skeletal muscle [2] in humans and other mammals that extends across the bottom of the thoracic cavity. The diaphragm is the most important muscle of respiration, [3] and ...

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