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Myxedema coma is an extreme or decompensated form of hypothyroidism and while uncommon, is potentially lethal. [ 1][ 2][ 3] A person may have laboratory values identical to a "normal" hypothyroid state, but a stressful event (such as an infection, myocardial infarction, or stroke) precipitates the myxedema coma state, usually in the elderly.
An elevation in thyroid hormone levels is suggestive of thyroid storm when accompanied by signs of severe hyperthyroidism but is not diagnostic as it may also correlate with uncomplicated hyperthyroidism. [15] [18] Moreover, serum T3 may be normal in critically ill patients due to decreased conversion of T4 to T3. [15]
At the cellular level, T 3 is the body's more active and potent thyroid hormone. [2] T 3 helps deliver oxygen and energy to all of the body's cells, its effects on target tissues being roughly four times more potent than those of T 4. [2] Of the thyroid hormone that is produced, just about 20% is T 3, whereas 80% is produced as T 4.
Graves disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter or Basedow’s disease, is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. [ 1] It frequently results in and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. [ 5] It also often results in an enlarged thyroid. [ 1] Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism may include irritability, muscle weakness ...
Thyrotoxic myopathy ( TM) is a neuromuscular disorder that develops due to the overproduction of the thyroid hormone thyroxine. Also known as hyperthyroid myopathy, TM is one of many myopathies that lead to muscle weakness and muscle tissue breakdown. Evidence indicates the onset may be caused by hyperthyroidism. [ 1]
Augmented calcium levels in the blood (by as much as 25% – known as hypercalcaemia). This can cause stomach upset, excessive urination, and impaired kidney function. [13] Diabetes may be activated or intensified, and its control worsened. The diabetes is ameliorated or may disappear when the thyrotoxicosis is treated. [4]
In most cases AIT is characterized by onset of pain, firmness, tenderness, redness or swelling in the anterior aspect of the neck. [4] Patients will also present with a sudden fever, difficulty swallowing and difficulty controlling the voice. [5] Symptoms may be present from 1 to 180 days, with most symptoms lasting an average of about 18 days.
The patient should remain in the ice bath until their body temperature falls to 102.2 degrees. Then, they can be transported to the hospital. Preparing for heat illness in a warming world