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Acetyl chloride was first prepared in 1852 by French chemist Charles Gerhardt by treating potassium acetate with phosphoryl chloride. [4]Acetyl chloride is produced in the laboratory by the reaction of acetic acid with chlorodehydrating agents such as phosphorus trichloride (PCl 3), phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), sulfuryl chloride (SO 2 Cl 2), phosgene, or thionyl chloride (SOCl 2).
Lower flammability limit (LFL): The lowest concentration (percentage) of a gas or a vapor in air capable of producing a flash of fire in the presence of an ignition source (arc, flame, heat). The term is considered by many safety professionals to be the same as the lower explosive level (LEL). At a concentration in air lower than the LFL, gas ...
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN ( methyl cyanide ), is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN and structure H3C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile ( hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic ).
Thionyl chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SOCl 2.It is a moderately volatile, colourless liquid with an unpleasant acrid odour.Thionyl chloride is primarily used as a chlorinating reagent, with approximately 45,000 tonnes (50,000 short tons) per year being produced during the early 1990s, [5] but is occasionally also used as a solvent.
The major use of chloroacetyl chloride is as an intermediate in the production of herbicides in the chloroacetanilide family including metolachlor, acetochlor, alachlor and butachlor; an estimated 100 million pounds are used annually. Some chloroacetyl chloride is also used to produce phenacyl chloride, another chemical intermediate, also used ...
Flammability diagrams show the control of flammability in mixtures of fuel, oxygen and an inert gas, typically nitrogen. Mixtures of the three gasses are usually depicted in a triangular diagram, known as a ternary plot. Such diagrams are available in the speciality literature. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The same information can be depicted in a normal ...
Acetanilide can be produced by reacting acetic anhydride with aniline: . C 6 H 5 NH 2 + (CH 3 CO) 2 O → C 6 H 5 NHCOCH 3 + CH 3 COOH. The preparation used to be a traditional experiment in introductory organic chemistry lab classes, [8] but it has now been widely replaced by the preparation of either paracetamol or aspirin, both of which teach the same practical techniques (especially ...
Benzylamine is an organic chemical compound with the condensed structural formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 NH 2 (sometimes abbreviated as Ph CH 2 NH 2 or Bn NH 2 ). It consists of a benzyl group, C 6 H 5 CH 2, attached to an amine functional group, NH 2. This colorless water-soluble liquid is a common precursor in organic chemistry and used in the ...