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The Peace of Westphalia ( German: Westfälischer Friede, pronounced [vɛstˈfɛːlɪʃɐ ˈfʁiːdə] ⓘ) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster. They ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and brought peace to the Holy Roman Empire, closing a calamitous ...
[24] – Part of the European colonization of the Americas, includes deaths due to European diseases French Wars of Religion: 2,000,000–4,000,000 1562–1598 Protestants vs. France vs. Catholics France [31] – Also known as the Huguenot Wars Eighty Years' War: 600,000–700,000 1568–1648 Dutch Republic, England, and France vs. Spanish Empire
The Ten Years' War ( Spanish: Guerra de los Diez Años; 1868–1878), also known as the Great War ( Guerra Grande) and the War of '68, was part of Cuba 's fight for independence from Spain. The uprising was led by Cuban-born planters and other wealthy natives. On 10 October 1868, sugar mill owner Carlos Manuel de Céspedes and his followers ...
An estimated 100,000-260,000 civilian casualties were affected by the use of chemical weapons during the conflict and tens of thousands more died from the effects of such weapons in the years after the conflict ended. [13] [14] Germany suffered 750,000 civilian dead during and after the war due to famine caused by the Allied blockade.
The Thirty Years' War, [ j] from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from the effects of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of Germany reported population declines of over 50%. [ 19]
1/52! chance of a specific shuffle Mathematics: The chances of shuffling a standard 52-card deck in any specific order is around 1.24 × 10 −68 (or exactly 1 ⁄ 52!) [4] Computing: The number 1.4 × 10 −45 is approximately equal to the smallest positive non-zero value that can be represented by a single-precision IEEE floating-point value.
Detail of the Cantiga #63 (13th century), which deals with a late 10th-century battle in San Esteban de Gormaz involving the troops of Count García and Almanzor. [1]The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for ' reconquest ' [a]) or the reconquest of al-Andalus [b] was the successful series of military campaigns that European Christian kingdoms waged against the Muslim kingdoms following the ...
Lexico defines war as "A state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups within a country". [2] Conflicts causing at least 1,000 deaths in one calendar year are considered wars by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program. [3] This is a list of wars that began from 2003 onwards.