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In technical terms, the dew point is the temperature at which the water vapor in a sample of air at constant barometric pressure condenses into liquid water at the same rate at which it evaporates. [7] At temperatures below the dew point, the rate of condensation will be greater than that of evaporation, forming more liquid water.
Electrical temperature sensors. Thermistor - Thermistors are thermally sensitive resistors whose prime function is to exhibit a large, predictable and precise change in electrical resistance when subjected to a corresponding change in body temperature. [1] Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistors exhibit a decrease in electrical ...
The wet-bulb temperature ( WBT) is the temperature read by a thermometer covered in cloth which has been soaked in water at ambient temperature (a wet-bulb thermometer) and over which air is passed. [1] At 100% relative humidity, the wet-bulb temperature is equal to the air temperature ( dry-bulb temperature ); at lower humidity the wet-bulb temperature is lower than dry-bulb temperature ...
Arduino. Arduino ( / ɑːrˈdwiːnoʊ /) is an Italian open-source hardware and software company, project, and user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices. Its hardware products are licensed under a CC BY-SA license, while the software is licensed under the GNU ...
Proportional–integral–derivative controller. A proportional–integral–derivative controller ( PID controller or three-term controller) is a control loop mechanism employing feedback that is widely used in industrial control systems and a variety of other applications requiring continuously modulated control.
Pulse-width modulation ( PWM ), also known as pulse-duration modulation ( PDM) or pulse-length modulation ( PLM ), [1] is any method of representing a signal as a rectangular wave with a varying duty cycle (and for some methods also a varying period ). PWM is useful for controlling the average power or amplitude delivered by an electrical signal.
For the term "vortex tube" used in fluid dynamics, see Vorticity. The vortex tube, also known as the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube, is a mechanical device that separates a compressed gas into hot and cold streams. The gas emerging from the hot end can reach temperatures of 200 °C (390 °F), and the gas emerging from the cold end can reach −50 ...
The laws of thermodynamics are a set of scientific laws which define a group of physical quantities, such as temperature, energy, and entropy, that characterize thermodynamic systems in thermodynamic equilibrium. The laws also use various parameters for thermodynamic processes, such as thermodynamic work and heat, and establish relationships ...