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Hypocalcemia is a medical condition characterized by low calcium levels in the blood serum. [5] The normal range of blood calcium is typically between 2.1–2.6 mmol/L (8.8–10.7 mg/dL, 4.3–5.2 mEq/L), while levels less than 2.1 mmol/L are defined as hypocalcemic.
Lead poisoning, also known as plumbism and saturnism, is a type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body. [ 2] Symptoms may include abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, irritability, memory problems, infertility, and tingling in the hands and feet. [ 1] It causes almost 10% of intellectual disability of otherwise unknown cause and can ...
Hypercalcemia usually causes symptoms that lead to chronic dehydration, such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (inability of the kidney to concentrate the urine). IV fluid rehydration allows the kidneys to excrete more calcium, and usually lowers the calcium level by 1–2 mg/dL.
Skeletal fluorosis. Skeletal fluorosis. Fluorosis patient in the industrial city of Raigarh, India. Specialty. Rheumatology. Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride leading to weakened bones. [ 1] In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints .
Glycolic acid is the major metabolite of ethylene glycol responsible for toxicity. The three main systems affected by ethylene glycol poisoning are the central nervous system, metabolic processes, and the kidneys. [ 7] The central nervous system is affected early in the course of poisoning as the result of a direct action of ethylene glycol.
Adults under age 50 need 1,000 milligrams of calcium a day, and women need to up their intake to 1,200 milligrams once they turn 51, according to the National Institutes of Health. Your body needs ...
Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. Complications may include blood clots, infections, and high blood pressure.
Milk-alkali syndrome is an illness that is characterized by hypercalcaemia, kidney damage, and metabolic alkalosis. [ 17] This syndrome was discovered in the early 1900s when people began experiencing adverse effects from Bertrand Sippy's gastric ulcer treatment consisting of milk and alkali.