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Lavarand, also known as the Wall of Entropy, was a hardware random number generator designed by Silicon Graphics that worked by taking pictures of the patterns made by the floating material in lava lamps, extracting random data from the pictures, and using the result to seed a pseudorandom number generator. [ 1]
Applications of randomness. Randomness has many uses in science, art, statistics, cryptography, gaming, gambling, and other fields. For example, random assignment in randomized controlled trials helps scientists to test hypotheses, and random numbers or pseudorandom numbers help video games such as video poker .
Borel–Cantelli lemma. In probability theory, the Borel–Cantelli lemma is a theorem about sequences of events. In general, it is a result in measure theory. It is named after Émile Borel and Francesco Paolo Cantelli, who gave statement to the lemma in the first decades of the 20th century. [ 1][ 2] A related result, sometimes called the ...
The record for most time in space is held by Russian cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, who has spent 1077.672 days in space over five missions and is currently in space onboard Soyuz MS-24/25's one year long-duration mission on ISS. If this mission lasts 300–365 days, Kononenko will have spent a total of 1,036-1,101 days in space.
As of 2024, there have been 19 astronaut fatalities during spaceflight that either crossed, or was intended to cross, the boundary of space as defined by the United States (50 miles above sea level). [1] [2] Astronauts have also died while training for space missions, such as the Apollo 1 launch pad fire that killed an entire crew of three ...
In 2016, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) [2] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin, dated July 2016, [3] included a table of 125 stars comprising the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN (on 30 June and 20 July 2016) together with names of stars adopted by the IAU Executive Committee ...
The probability of having numbers larger than 16 is p =0.0029, of having numbers larger than 15 is p =0.0094, and of having numbers larger than 14 is p =0.0246. For a random distribution, this means that numbers larger than 14 correspond to 2 σ deviations and numbers larger than 16 correspond to 3 σ deviations.
You're about to get a chance very soon. Noah Haggerty. July 29, 2024 at 3:00 AM. Bob Stephens, of Rancho Cucamonga, is among the many amateur astronomers who are eagerly awaiting the appearance of ...