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In 1832 produced chloral hydrate, the first synthetic sleeping drug. In 1833 French chemist Anselme Payen was the first to discover an enzyme, diastase. In 1834, François Mothes and Joseph Dublanc created a method to produce a single-piece gelatin capsule that was sealed with a drop of gelatin solution.
Designer drugs are structural or functional analogues of controlled substances that are designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the parent drug while avoiding detection or classification as illegal. Many of the older designer drugs (research chemicals) are structural analogues of psychoactive tryptamines or phenethylamines but there ...
Alpidem (Ananxyl) 1995. Worldwide. Not approved in the US, withdrawn in France in 1994 [4] and the rest of the market in 1995 because of rare but serious hepatotoxicity. [3] [5] Alosetron (Lotronex) 2000. US. Serious gastrointestinal adverse events; ischemic colitis; severe constipation. [2]
It is approved for pharmacological use in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy, and treatment-resistant obesity, but it is primarily used as a recreational drug. In 2012, 16,000 prescriptions for methamphetamine were filled, approximately 1.2 million Americans reported using it in the past year, and 440,000 ...
Mephedrone, also known as 4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC, and 4-methylephedrone, is a synthetic stimulant drug of the amphetamine and cathinone classes. Slang names include drone, [5] M-CAT, [6] White Magic, [7] meow meow and bubble. [8] It is chemically similar to the cathinone compounds found in the Khat plant of eastern Africa.
The following is a list of psychedelic drugs of various chemical classes, including both naturally occurring and synthetic compounds. Serotonergic psychedelics are usually considered the "classical" psychedelics [dubious – discuss], whereas the other classes are often seen as having only secondary psychedelic properties; nonetheless all of the compounds listed here are considered ...
Synthetic opioids, including fentanyl, are now the most common drugs involved in drug overdose deaths in the United States. Just 2 milligrams of fentanyl is considered a lethal dose, according to ...
Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names. See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales. Abbreviations are used in the list as follows: INN = International Nonproprietary Name