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The first diagrammatic map of London's rapid transit network was designed by Harry Beck in 1931. [1] [2] He was a London Underground employee who realised that because the railway ran mostly underground, the physical locations of the stations were largely irrelevant to the traveller wanting to know how to get from one station to another; only the topology of the route mattered.
The current operator, London Underground Limited (LUL), is a wholly owned subsidiary of Transport for London (TfL), the statutory corporation responsible for the transport network in London. [ 11] As of 2015, 92% of operational expenditure is covered by passenger fares. [ 12]
Transport for London ( TfL) is a local government body responsible for most of the transport network in London, United Kingdom. [ 2] TfL is the successor organization of the London Passenger Transport Board, which was established in 1933, and several other bodies in the intervening years. Since the current organization's creation in 2000 as ...
The system is composed of 11 lines – Bakerloo, Central, Circle, District, Hammersmith & City, Jubilee, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly, Victoria, and Waterloo & City – serving 272 stations. [ 3] It is operated by Transport for London (TfL). Most of the system is north of the River Thames, with six of the 32 London boroughs in the south ...
Transport for London fare zones are also known simply as zones or travelcard zones, referring to their use in calculating prices for the travelcards or pay-as-you-go caps. Before flat fares were introduced in 2004, fare zones were used on the London Buses network. London fare zones are also used for calculating the cost of single and return ...
Map of Zone 1 Underground stations, pre 2021. London is split into six approximately concentric zones. Zone 1 covers the West End, the Holborn district, Kensington, Paddington and the City of London, as well as Old Street, Angel, Pimlico, Tower Gateway, Aldgate East, Euston, Vauxhall, Elephant & Castle, Borough, London Bridge, Earl's Court, Marylebone, Edgware Road, Lambeth North and Waterloo.
Fare zone 6 is an outer zone of Transport for London's zonal fare system used for calculating the price of tickets for travel on the London Underground, London Overground, Docklands Light Railway, [1] National Rail services (since 2007), [2] and the Elizabeth line within Greater London.
A TfL spokesperson said the original Tube map was "an iconic piece of world-renowned design" and there were no plans to change it. The London Underground map is one of the most recognisable in the ...