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The A.C. Nielsen company, which continues to measure television ratings today, took over American radio's ratings beginning with the 1949–50 radio season and ending in 1955–56. During this era, nearly all of radio's most popular programs were broadcast on one of three networks: NBC Red, NBC Blue, or CBS' Columbia network.
Nielsen Audio (formerly Arbitron) is a consumer research company in the United States that collects listener data on radio broadcasting audiences. It was founded as the American Research Bureau by Jim Seiler in 1949 and became national by merging with Los Angeles–based Coffin, Cooper, and Clay in the early 1950s.
Nielsen Media Research ( NMR) is an American firm that measures media audiences, including television, radio, theatre, films (via the AMC Theatres MAP program), and newspapers. Headquartered in New York City, it is best known for the Nielsen ratings, an audience measurement system of television viewership that for years has been the deciding ...
Ratings are collected year-round, but findings are not made public for about 10 weeks in the summer to allow the networks to experiment with schedules. Radio surveys are conducted by Nielsen Media Research Australia. In Israel, MBER provides radio and TV measurements. In Argentina, radio and television measurement is by Ibope and Infortecnica.
A Portable People Meter worn by Nielsen Audio panelists to monitor media exposure. The newer NPM-1 Portable People Meter (FCC ID 2ASUZ-NPM-1) installed in a wristband. Nielson Universal Meter Gateway UMG-2, which uses BLE to connect to the meters and uploads the collected data via LTE. The Portable People Meter (PPM), also known as the Nielsen ...
The Crossley ratings (or Crossleys) were an audience measurement system created to determine the audience size of radio broadcasts beginning in 1930. Developed by Archibald Crossley, the ratings were generated using information collected by telephone surveys to random homes. In 1930, Crossley spearheaded the formation of the Cooperative ...
Internet radio audience measurement is any method used to determine the number of people listening to an Internet radio broadcast. This information is usually obtained from the broadcaster's audio streaming server. Icecast, Nicecast, and SHOUTcast are examples of audio streaming servers that can provide listener statistics for audience ...
Amateur radio users in the U.S. and Canada have used the R-S-T system since 1934. This system was developed by amateur radio operator Arthur W. Braaten, W2BSR. It reports the readability on a scale of 1 to 5, the signal strength on a scale of 1 to 9, and the tone of the Morse code continuous wave signal on a scale of 1 to 9.