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Harvard sentences. The Harvard sentences, or Harvard lines, [1] is a collection of 720 sample phrases, divided into lists of 10, used for standardized testing of Voice over IP, cellular, and other telephone systems. They are phonetically balanced sentences that use specific phonemes at the same frequency they appear in English.
Bone conduction. Bone conduction is the conduction of sound to the inner ear primarily through the bones of the skull, allowing the hearer to perceive audio content even if the ear canal is blocked. Bone conduction transmission occurs constantly as sound waves vibrate bone, specifically the bones in the skull, although it is hard for the ...
A pistonphone is an acoustical calibrator (sound source) that uses a closed coupling volume to generate a precise sound pressure for the calibration of measurement microphones. The principle relies on a piston mechanically driven to move at a specified cyclic rate, pushing on a fixed volume of air to which the microphone under test is coupled.
Audio testing. Pink noise is commonly used to test the loudspeakers in sound reinforcement systems, with the resulting sound measured with a test microphone in the listening space connected to a spectrum analyzer or a computer running a real-time fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyzer program such as Smaart.
A sound level meter (also called sound pressure level meter ( SPL )) is used for acoustic measurements. It is commonly a hand-held instrument with a microphone. The best type of microphone for sound level meters is the condenser microphone, which combines precision with stability and reliability. [1] The diaphragm of the microphone responds to ...
A microphone, colloquially called a mic (/ m aɪ k /), or mike, is a transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones , hearing aids , public address systems for concert halls and public events, motion picture production, live and recorded audio engineering , sound recording ...
The inset shows the electronic simulation. Notably, such electronic systems require more than one speaker. Time difference in a stereophonic recording of a car going past. Stereophonic sound, or more commonly stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective.
A sound intensity probe is a probe capable of measuring sound intensity. The sound intensity is the product of sound pressure and particle velocity. Common probes measure the sound intensity using two microphones. Another type measures the sound intensity using a microphone and a particle velocity probe .