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Obstetrics, pediatrics. Large for gestational age ( LGA) is a term used to describe infants that are born with an abnormally high weight, specifically in the 90th percentile or above, compared to other babies of the same developmental age. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Macrosomia is a similar term that describes excessive birth weight, but refers to an absolute ...
Pediatrics. Small for gestational age ( SGA) newborns are those who are smaller in size than normal for the gestational age. SGA is most commonly defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age. [ 1] SGA predicts susceptibility to hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and polycythemia. [ 2] By definition, at least 10% of all newborns ...
According to the WHO, a preterm birth is defined as "babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed." [20] According to this classification, there are three sub-categories of preterm birth, based on gestational age: extremely preterm (fewer than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks), moderate to late preterm (32 to 37 weeks). [20]
Fundal height, or McDonald's rule, is a measure of the size of the uterus used to assess fetal growth and development during pregnancy. It is measured from the top of the mother's uterus to the top of the mother's pubic symphysis. Fundal height, when expressed in centimeters, roughly corresponds to gestational age in weeks between 16 and 36 ...
Oligohydramnios. Specialty. Obstetrics. Oligohydramnios is a medical condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid, the fluid that surrounds the fetus in the abdomen, in the amniotic sac. The limiting case is anhydramnios, where there is a complete absence of amniotic fluid. It is typically diagnosed by ultrasound when ...
Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) exists when the capacity of the pelvis is inadequate to allow the fetus to negotiate the birth canal. This may be due to a small pelvis, a nongynecoid pelvic formation, a large fetus, an unfavorable orientation of the fetus, or a combination of these factors. Certain medical conditions may distort pelvic bones ...
The Tanner scale (also known as the Tanner stages or sexual maturity rating ( SMR )) is a scale of physical development as children transition into adolescence and then adulthood. The scale defines physical measurements of development based on external primary and secondary sex characteristics, such as the size of the breasts, genitals ...
In biology and medicine, gravidity and parity are the number of times a female has been pregnant (gravidity) and carried the pregnancies to a viable gestational age (parity). [ 1][ 2] These two terms are usually coupled, sometimes with additional terms, to indicate more details of the female's obstetric history. [ 3] When using these terms: