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Tidal range. Tidal range is the difference in height between high tide and low tide. Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and Sun, by Earth's rotation and by centrifugal force caused by Earth's progression around the Earth-Moon barycenter. Tidal range depends on time and location.
The first tide predicting machine (TPM) was built in 1872 by the Légé Engineering Company. [11] A model of it was exhibited at the British Association meeting in 1873 [12] (for computing 8 tidal components), followed in 1875-76 by a machine on a slightly larger scale (for computing 10 tidal components), was designed by Sir William Thomson (who later became Lord Kelvin). [13]
Tide tables, sometimes called tide charts, are used for tidal prediction and show the daily times and levels of high and low tides, usually for a particular location. [1] Tide heights at intermediate times (between high and low water) can be approximated by using the rule of twelfths or more accurately calculated by using a published tidal ...
Earth tide (also known as solid-Earth tide, crustal tide, body tide, bodily tide or land tide) is the displacement of the solid earth 's surface caused by the gravity of the Moon and Sun. Its main component has meter-level amplitude at periods of about 12 hours and longer. The largest body tide constituents are semi- diurnal, but there are also ...
Lunitidal interval. The lunitidal interval[ 1] measures the time lag from lunar culmination to the next high tide at a given location. It is also called the high water interval ( HWI ). [ 2][ 3] Sometimes a term is not used for the time lag, but instead the terms age or establishment of the tide are used for the entry that is in tide tables.
Predictions for a year’s tides at that location can then be produced in 8–15 hours. The calculations Tide-Predicting Machine No. 2 can perform in 1 day would require a person 125 days to perform by hand. Around 1915, the machine was used to produce annual tide tables for 70 major ports worldwide. Additional ports were added in later years.
Tide. Simplified schematic of only the lunar portion of Earth's tides, showing (exaggerated) high tides at the sublunar point and its antipode for the hypothetical case of an ocean of constant depth without land, and on the assumption that Earth is not rotating; otherwise there is a lag angle. Solar tides not shown.
At a basic level, it is typically calculated in metres using the formula: Charted Depth − Draft-/+ Height of Tide = UKC. [3] Ship masters and deck officers can obtain the depth of water from Electronic navigational charts. [2] More dynamic or advanced calculations include safety margins for manoeuvring effects and squat. [7]