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  2. Stellar classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_classification

    Main-sequence stars vary in surface temperature from approximately 2,000 to 50,000 K, whereas more-evolved stars can have temperatures above 100,000 K [citation needed]. Physically, the classes indicate the temperature of the star's atmosphere and are normally listed from hottest to coldest.

  3. Stellar evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_evolution

    Stellar evolution is the process by which a star changes over the course of its lifetime and how it can lead to the creation of a new star. Depending on the mass of the star, its lifetime can range from a few million years for the most massive to trillions of years for the least massive, which is considerably longer than the current age of the ...

  4. List of oldest stars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oldest_stars

    The age of the oldest known stars approaches the age of the universe, about 13.8 billion years. Some of these are among the first stars from reionization (the stellar dawn), ending the Dark Ages about 370,000 years after the Big Bang. [1] This list include stars older than 12 billion years, or about 87% of the age of the universe.

  5. Main sequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_sequence

    The main sequence is visible as a prominent diagonal band from upper left to lower right. This plot shows 22,000 stars from the Hipparcos Catalog together with 1,000 low-luminosity stars (red and white dwarfs) from the Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars. In astronomy, the main sequence is a classification of stars which appear on plots of stellar ...

  6. Star - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star

    A star-forming region in the Large Magellanic Cloud. A star is a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by self-gravity. [ 1] The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye at night; their immense distances from Earth make them appear as fixed points of light.

  7. Age of the universe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_the_universe

    In physical cosmology, the age of the universe is the time elapsed since the Big Bang.Astronomers have derived two different measurements of the age of the universe: [1] a measurement based on direct observations of an early state of the universe, which indicate an age of 13.787 ± 0.020 billion years as interpreted with the Lambda-CDM concordance model as of 2021; [2] and a measurement based ...

  8. Stellar age estimation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_age_estimation

    Stellar age estimation. Young star ejecting two jets of energised gas [ 1] Various methods and tools are involved in stellar age estimation, an attempt to identify within reasonable degrees of confidence what the age of a star is. These methods include stellar evolutionary models, membership in a given star cluster or system, fitting the star ...

  9. List of star extremes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_star_extremes

    This star was discovered in 1915, and its parallax was determined at the time, when enough observations were established. [NB 1] [1] [2] List of nearest stars and brown dwarfs: Most distant individually seen star WHL0137-LS (Earendel) 2022 z= 6.2 ± 0.1 12.9 Gly [3] [4] List of the most distant astronomical objects: Most distant star Stars in ...