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Sinus node dysfunction ( SND ), also known as sick sinus syndrome ( SSS ), is a group of abnormal heart rhythms ( arrhythmias) usually caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's primary pacemaker. [1] [2] Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome is a variant of sick sinus syndrome in which the arrhythmia alternates between fast and slow ...
Bradycardia. Bradycardia, also called bradyarrhythmia, is a resting heart rate under 60 beats per minute (BPM). [ 1] While bradycardia can result from various pathologic processes, it is commonly a physiologic response to cardiovascular conditioning or due to asymptomatic type 1 atrioventricular block. Resting heart rates of less than 50 BPM ...
Fetal distress, also known as non-reassuring fetal status, is a condition during pregnancy or labor in which the fetus shows signs of inadequate oxygenation. [ 1] Due to its imprecision, the term "fetal distress" has fallen out of use in American obstetrics. [ 2][ 1][ 3] The term "non-reassuring fetal status" has largely replaced it. [ 4]
Sinus bradycardia. ECG of Sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 43 bpm. Sinus bradycardia is a sinus rhythm with a reduced rate of electrical discharge from the sinoatrial node, resulting in a bradycardia, a heart rate that is lower than the normal range (60–100 beats per minute for adult humans). [ 1][ 2]
Deaths. > 425,000 per year (U.S.) [ 10] Cardiac arrest, also known as sudden cardiac arrest, is when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. [ 11][ 1] As a result, blood cannot properly circulate around the body and there is diminished blood flow to the brain and other organs. When the brain does not receive enough blood, this can ...
Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) is defined as sinus tachycardia that is not caused by identifiable medical ailments, a physiological reaction, or pharmaceuticals (a diagnosis of exclusion) and is accompanied by symptoms, frequently invalidating and affecting quality of life. [ 2] IST symptoms include palpitations, chest discomfort ...
Athletic heart syndrome. Athletic heart syndrome ( AHS) is a non- pathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine in which the human heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal. The athlete's heart is associated with physiological cardiac remodeling as a consequence of repetitive cardiac loading. [ 3]
Transcutaneous pacing ( TCP ), also called external pacing, is a temporary means of pacing a patient's heart during a medical emergency. It should not be confused with defibrillation (used in more serious cases, in ventricular fibrillation and other shockable rhythms) using a manual or automatic defibrillator, though some newer defibrillators ...