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  2. Visual acuity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_acuity

    Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision, but technically rates an animal 's ability to recognize small details with precision. Visual acuity depends on optical and neural factors. Optical factors of the eye influence the sharpness of an image on its retina.

  3. Lea test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lea_test

    The LEA Vision Test System is a series of pediatric vision tests designed specifically for children who do not know how to read the letters of the alphabet that are typically used in eye charts.

  4. LogMAR chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LogMAR_chart

    The chart was designed by Ian Bailey [5] and Jan E. Lovie-Kitchin at the National Vision Research Institute of Australia. [1][3] They described their motivation for designing the LogMAR chart as follows: "We have designed a series of near vision charts in which the typeface, size progression, size range, number of words per row and spacings were chosen in an endeavour to achieve a ...

  5. Useful field of view - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Useful_field_of_view

    Useful field of view. In human vision, the useful field of view (or UFOV) is the visual area from which information can be extracted without eye or head movements. [1] UFOV size generally decreases with age, [2] most likely due to decreases in visual processing speed, reduced perception, and increased susceptibility to distraction.

  6. Refractive error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_error

    In studies of the genetic predisposition of refractive error, there is a correlation between environmental factors and the risk of developing myopia. [23] Myopia has been observed in individuals with visually intensive occupations. [22] Reading has also been found to be a predictor of myopia in children. It has been reported that children with myopia spent significantly more time reading than ...

  7. Eye chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_chart

    An eye chart is a chart used to measure visual acuity comprising lines of optotypes in ranges of sizes. Optotypes are the letters or symbols shown on an eye chart. [1] Eye charts are often used by health care professionals, such as optometrists, physicians and nurses, to screen persons for vision impairment. Ophthalmologists, physicians who specialize in the eye, also use eye charts to monitor ...

  8. Visual impairment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_impairment

    Visual or vision impairment (VI or VIP) is the partial or total inability of visual perception.In the absence of treatment such as corrective eyewear, assistive devices, and medical treatment, visual impairment may cause the individual difficulties with normal daily tasks, including reading and walking. [6]

  9. Eye movement in reading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_movement_in_reading

    Eye movement in reading involves the visual processing of written text. This was described by the French ophthalmologist Louis Émile Javal in the late 19th century.