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Acetyl chloride was first prepared in 1852 by French chemist Charles Gerhardt by treating potassium acetate with phosphoryl chloride. [4]Acetyl chloride is produced in the laboratory by the reaction of acetic acid with chlorodehydrating agents such as phosphorus trichloride (PCl 3), phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), sulfuryl chloride (SO 2 Cl 2), phosgene, or thionyl chloride (SOCl 2).
Soil bulk density is equal to the dry mass of the soil divided by the volume of the soil; i.e., it includes air space and organic materials of the soil volume. Thereby soil bulk density is always less than soil particle density and is a good indicator of soil compaction. [47] The soil bulk density of cultivated loam is about 1.1 to 1.4 g/cm 3 ...
The Unified Soil Classification System ( USCS) is a soil classification system used in engineering and geology to describe the texture and grain size of a soil. The classification system can be applied to most unconsolidated materials, and is represented by a two-letter symbol. Each letter is described below (with the exception of Pt ): If the ...
Acetone ( 2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CO. [ 22] It is the simplest and smallest ketone ( >C=O ). It is a colorless, highly volatile, and flammable liquid with a characteristic pungent odour, very reminiscent of the smell of pear drops .
acetyl chloride SOCl 2 acetic acid (i) Li[AlH 4], ether (ii) H 3 O + ethanol Two typical organic reactions of acetic acid Acetic acid undergoes the typical chemical reactions of a carboxylic acid. Upon treatment with a standard base, it converts to metal acetate and water. With strong bases (e.g., organolithium reagents), it can be doubly deprotonated to give LiCH 2 COOLi. Reduction of acetic ...
Infobox references. Trichloroacetyl chloride is the acyl chloride of trichloroacetic acid. It can be formed by reacting chlorine with acetyl chloride or acetaldehyde in the presence of activated charcoal. It is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and plant protection compounds. [ 4]
Acetamide (systematic name: ethanamide) is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 CONH 2. It is derived from acetic acid. It finds some use as a plasticizer and as an industrial solvent. [ 5] The related compound N, N -dimethylacetamide (DMA) is more widely used, but it is not prepared from acetamide.
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN ( methyl cyanide ), is the chemical compound with the formula CH3CN and structure H3C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile ( hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic ).