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Since the momentum transfer is caused by free motion of gas molecules between collisions, increasing thermal agitation of the molecules results in a larger viscosity. Hence, gaseous viscosity increases with temperature. In liquids, viscous forces are caused by molecules exerting attractive forces on each other across layers of flow.
Kinetic theory of gases. The temperature of the ideal gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its particles. The size of helium atoms relative to their spacing is shown to scale under 1,950 atmospheres of pressure. The atoms have an average speed relative to their size slowed down here two trillion fold from that at room temperature.
Isotherms of an ideal gas for different temperatures. The curved lines are rectangular hyperbolae of the form y = a/x. They represent the relationship between pressure (on the vertical axis) and volume (on the horizontal axis) for an ideal gas at different temperatures: lines that are farther away from the origin (that is, lines that are nearer to the top right-hand corner of the diagram ...
A combustible material is a material that can burn (i.e., sustain a flame) in air under certain conditions. A material is flammable if it ignites easily at ambient temperatures. In other words, a combustible material ignites with some effort and a flammable material catches fire immediately on exposure to flame.
The constant-pressure adiabatic flame temperature of such substances in air is in a relatively narrow range around 1,950 °C (2,220 K; 3,540 °F). [citation needed] This is mostly because the heat of combustion of these compounds is roughly proportional to the amount of oxygen consumed, which proportionally increases the amount of air that has ...
Boyle's law is a gas law, stating that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship. If volume increases, then pressure decreases and vice versa, when the temperature is held constant. Therefore, when the volume is halved, the pressure is doubled; and if the volume is doubled, the pressure is halved.
Avogadro's law states that "equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules ." [1] For a given mass of an ideal gas, the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional if the temperature and pressure are constant. The law is named after Amedeo Avogadro who, in 1812, [2] [3 ...
Boyle temperature. The Boyle temperature is formally defined as the temperature for which the second virial coefficient, , becomes zero. It is at this temperature that the attractive forces and the repulsive forces acting on the gas particles balance out. This is the virial equation of state and describes a real gas.