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Acute severe asthma. Silent chest, worsening symptoms despite use of medication. [1] Acute severe asthma, also known as status asthmaticus, is an acute exacerbation of asthma that does not respond to standard treatments of bronchodilators (inhalers) and corticosteroids. [2] Asthma is caused by multiple genes, some having protective effect, with ...
Cardiac asthma is the medical condition of intermittent wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath that is associated with underlying congestive heart failure (CHF). [ 1] Symptoms of cardiac asthma are related to the heart's inability to effectively and efficiently pump blood in a CHF patient. [ 2] This can lead to accumulation of fluid in and ...
Orthopnea or orthopnoea [1] is shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs when lying flat, [2] causing the person to have to sleep propped up in bed or sitting in a chair. It is commonly seen as a late manifestation of heart failure, resulting from fluid redistribution into the central circulation, causing an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure and causing difficulty in breathing.
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea ( PND) is an attack of severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occurs at night. [ 1] It usually awakens the person from sleep, and may be quite frightening. [ 2] PND, as well as simple orthopnea, may be relieved by sitting upright at the side of the bed with legs ...
Shortness of breath (SOB), known as dyspnea (in AmE) or dyspnoea (in BrE), is an uncomfortable feeling of not being able to breathe well enough. The American Thoracic Society defines it as "a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity", and recommends evaluating dyspnea by assessing the intensity of its distinct ...
Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a disease in which the long-term consumption of alcohol leads to heart failure. [1] ACM is a type of dilated cardiomyopathy. The heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to heart failure. It can affect other parts of the body if the heart failure is severe. It is most common in males between the ages ...
Brittle asthma is a type of asthma distinguishable from other forms by recurrent, severe attacks. [ 1][ 2][ 3] There are two subtypes divided by symptoms: Type 1 and Type 2, [ 4] depending on the stability of the patient's maximum speed of expiration, or peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Type 1 is characterized by a maintained wide PEF ...
Moderate to high intensity exercise. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction ( EIB) occurs when the airways narrow as a result of exercise. This condition has been referred to as exercise-induced asthma ( EIA ); however, this term is no longer preferred. [ 1] While exercise does not cause asthma, it is frequently an asthma trigger.