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Grain, fruit, and vegetables are basic human foods and have been domesticated for millennia. People use plants for many purposes, such as building materials, ornaments, writing materials, and, in great variety, for medicines. The scientific study of plants is known as botany, a branch of biology .
Flowering plant. Angiospermae Lindl. Magnoliophyta Cronquist, Takht. & W.Zimm. [3] Magnolicae Takht. [4] Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae ( / ˌændʒiəˈspərmiː / ), [5] [6] commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass ...
Plant morphology. Phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. [1] This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, [1] which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. [2] Plant morphology is useful in the visual identification of plants.
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. [3] They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America.
Prunaceae Martinov. Spiraeaceae Bertuch 1801. Rosaceae ( / roʊˈzeɪsiː.iː, - si.aɪ / ), [4] the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera. [5] [6] [7] The name is derived from the type genus Rosa. The family includes herbs, shrubs, and trees. Most species are deciduous, but ...
Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta ( / pɪˈnɒfɪtə, ˈpaɪnoʊfaɪtə / ), also known as Coniferophyta ( / ˌkɒnɪfəˈrɒfɪtə, - oʊfaɪtə /) or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida.
Evergreen. A silver fir shoot showing three successive years of retained leaves. In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. [1] This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season.
Pteridopsida Ritgen 1828. The ferns ( Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta) are a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. They differ from mosses by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients and in having life cycles in which the ...