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Chronic hypertension is a type of high blood pressure in a pregnant woman that is pre-existing before conception, diagnosed early in pregnancy, or persists significantly after the end of pregnancy. It affects about 5% of all pregnancies and can be a primary disorder of essential hypertension or secondary to another condition; it is not caused ...
Obstetrics. Gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced hypertension ( PIH) is the development of new hypertension in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks' gestation without the presence of protein in the urine or other signs of pre-eclampsia. [ 1] Gestational hypertension is defined as having a blood pressure greater than 140/90 on two occasions ...
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy ( ICP ), also known as obstetric cholestasis, cholestasis of pregnancy, jaundice of pregnancy, and prurigo gravidarum, [ 1] is a medical condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy. [ 2] It typically presents with itching and can lead to complications for both mother and fetus.
Mallory–Weiss syndrome is a condition where high intra-abdominal pressures causes laceration and bleeding of the mucosa called Mallory-Weiss tears. [ 1] Additionally, Mallory–Weiss syndrome is one of the most common causes of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, counting of around 1-15% of all cases in adults and less than 5% in children.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is an acute cause of cholestasis that manifests most commonly in the third trimester of pregnancy. [15] It affects 0.5–1.5% of pregnancies in Europe and the US and up to 28% in women of Mapuche ethnicity in Chile. [60]
Fetal distress, also known as non-reassuring fetal status, is a condition during pregnancy or labor in which the fetus shows signs of inadequate oxygenation. [ 1] Due to its imprecision, the term "fetal distress" has fallen out of use in American obstetrics. [ 2][ 1][ 3] The term "non-reassuring fetal status" has largely replaced it. [ 4]
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is a rare life-threatening complication of pregnancy that occurs in the third trimester or the immediate period after delivery. [1] It is thought to be caused by a disordered metabolism of fatty acids by mitochondria in the fetus, caused by long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency . [ 2 ]
Women who have chronic hypertension before their pregnancy are at increased risk of complications such as premature birth, low birthweight or stillbirth. [26] Women who have high blood pressure and had complications in their pregnancy have three times the risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to women with normal blood pressure who ...