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These formats are generally more difficult to analyze than regular files, but can still have very helpful information for solving the bug causing the crash. Example of an internal compiler error: somefile.c:1001: internal compiler error: Segmentation fault Please submit a full bug report, with preprocessed source if appropriate.
Here is an example of ANSI C code that will generally cause a segmentation fault on platforms with memory protection. It attempts to modify a string literal, which is undefined behavior according to the ANSI C standard. Most compilers will not catch this at compile time, and instead compile this to executable code that will crash:
Undefined behavior. In computer programming, undefined behavior ( UB) is the result of executing a program whose behavior is prescribed to be unpredictable, in the language specification of the programming language in which the source code is written. This is different from unspecified behavior, for which the language specification does not ...
Lint (software) Lint is the computer science term for a static code analysis tool used to flag programming errors, bugs, stylistic errors and suspicious constructs. [1] The term originates from a Unix utility that examined C language source code. [2] A program which performs this function is also known as a "linter".
Detection of unreachable code is a form of control flow analysis to find code that can never be reached in any possible program state. In some languages (e.g. Java [9]) some forms of unreachable code are explicitly disallowed. The optimization that removes unreachable code is known as dead code elimination .
Like buffer-overflow bugs, dangling/wild pointer bugs frequently become security holes. For example, if the pointer is used to make a virtual function call, a different address (possibly pointing at exploit code) may be called due to the vtable pointer being overwritten. Alternatively, if the pointer is used for writing to memory, some other ...
A code sanitizer is a programming tool that detects bugs in the form of undefined or suspicious behavior by a compiler inserting instrumentation code at runtime. The class of tools was first introduced by Google's AddressSanitizer (or ASan) of 2012, which uses directly mapped shadow memory to detect memory corruption such as buffer overflows or accesses to a dangling pointer (use-after-free).
Compiler correctness. In computing, compiler correctness is the branch of computer science that deals with trying to show that a compiler behaves according to its language specification. [citation needed] Techniques include developing the compiler using formal methods and using rigorous testing (often called compiler validation) on an existing ...