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Pediatrics. Small for gestational age ( SGA) newborns are those who are smaller in size than normal for the gestational age. SGA is most commonly defined as a weight below the 10th percentile for the gestational age. [ 1] SGA predicts susceptibility to hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and polycythemia. [ 2] By definition, at least 10% of all newborns ...
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy ( ICP ), also known as obstetric cholestasis, cholestasis of pregnancy, jaundice of pregnancy, and prurigo gravidarum, [ 1] is a medical condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy. [ 2] It typically presents with itching and can lead to complications for both mother and fetus.
Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) exists when the capacity of the pelvis is inadequate to allow the fetus to negotiate the birth canal. This may be due to a small pelvis, a nongynecoid pelvic formation, a large fetus, an unfavorable orientation of the fetus, or a combination of these factors. Certain medical conditions may distort pelvic bones ...
Fetal distress, also known as non-reassuring fetal status, is a condition during pregnancy or labor in which the fetus shows signs of inadequate oxygenation. [ 1] Due to its imprecision, the term "fetal distress" has fallen out of use in American obstetrics. [ 2][ 1][ 3] The term "non-reassuring fetal status" has largely replaced it. [ 4]
Frequency. ~8% of term pregnancies, [ 2] ~30% of preterm pregnancies [ 4] Prelabor rupture of membranes ( PROM ), previously known as premature rupture of membranes, is breakage of the amniotic sac before the onset of labour. [ 2] Women usually experience a painless gush or a steady leakage of fluid from the vagina. [ 1]
The World Health Organization recommends low-dose aspirin for the prevention of pre-eclampsia in women at high risk and recommends it be started before 20 weeks of pregnancy. [65] The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends a low-dose regimen for women at high risk beginning in the 12th week. [ 70 ]
Labor induction. ICD-9-CM. 73.0 - 73.1. [ edit on Wikidata] Labor induction is the process or treatment that stimulates childbirth and delivery. Inducing (starting) labor can be accomplished with pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical methods. In Western countries, it is estimated that one-quarter of pregnant women have their labor medically ...
Use of aspirin before 16 weeks of pregnancy to prevent pre-eclampsia also appears effective at preventing antepartum bleeding. [ 4 ] In regard to treatment, it should be considered a medical emergency (regardless of whether there is pain ), as if it is left untreated it can lead to death of the mother or baby .