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A nautical chart or hydrographic chart is a graphic representation of a sea region or water body and adjacent coasts or banks. Depending on the scale of the chart, it may show depths of water ( bathymetry) and heights of land ( topography ), natural features of the seabed, details of the coastline, navigational hazards, locations of natural and ...
A chart datum is the water level surface serving as origin of depths displayed on a nautical chart and for reporting and predicting tide heights. A chart datum is generally derived from some tidal phase, in which case it is also known as a tidal datum. [ 1] Common chart datums are lowest astronomical tide (LAT) [ 1] and mean lower low water (MLLW).
Thus the chart coloration gave a clear indication to users as to whether they were using a chart with depths in fathoms or feet. While depths and heights were in metres, the nautical mile continued to be an international standard. Derived from the length of 1 minute of latitude, it is defined as 1852 metres. [12] [13] [14] [15]
The American Practical Navigator (colloquially often referred to as Bowditch ), originally written by Nathaniel Bowditch, is an encyclopedia of navigation. It serves as a valuable handbook on oceanography and meteorology, and contains useful tables and a maritime glossary. In 1867 the copyright and plates were bought by the Hydrographic Office ...
An electronic navigational chart ( ENC) is an official database created by a national hydrographic office for use with an Electronic Chart Display and Information System ( ECDIS ). [ 1] ECDIS and ENCs are the primary means of electronic navigation on cargo ships. [ 1] Charts can be used in navigation to provide an indication of location once a ...
Light characteristic. A light characteristic is all of the properties that make a particular navigational light identifiable. Graphical and textual descriptions of navigational light sequences and colours are displayed on nautical charts and in Light Lists with the chart symbol for a lighthouse, lightvessel, buoy or sea mark with a light on it.
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