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A nautical chart or hydrographic chart is a graphic representation of a sea region or water body and adjacent coasts or banks. Depending on the scale of the chart, it may show depths of water ( bathymetry) and heights of land ( topography ), natural features of the seabed, details of the coastline, navigational hazards, locations of natural and ...
Light characteristic. A light characteristic is all of the properties that make a particular navigational light identifiable. Graphical and textual descriptions of navigational light sequences and colours are displayed on nautical charts and in Light Lists with the chart symbol for a lighthouse, lightvessel, buoy or sea mark with a light on it.
Thus the chart coloration gave a clear indication to users as to whether they were using a chart with depths in fathoms or feet. While depths and heights were in metres, the nautical mile continued to be an international standard. Derived from the length of 1 minute of latitude, it is defined as 1852 metres. [12] [13] [14] [15]
The history of navigation, or the history of seafaring, is the art of directing vessels upon the open sea through the establishment of its position and course by means of traditional practice, geometry, astronomy, or special instruments. Many peoples have excelled as seafarers, prominent among them the Austronesians ( Islander Southeast Asians ...
The nautical star indicates geographic north in compass roses on nautical charts. Modern nautical charts use the star to indicate true north on the outer of the two compass circles of a compass rose, symbolizing the North Star. [1] [2] The United States Coast and Geodetic Survey started using this symbol in its double-circle compass roses ...
The ship is navigating in the safe sector (white light is commonly marked as yellow in nautical charts). A sector light is a man-made pilotage and position fixing aid that consists of strictly delineated horizontal angle light beams to guide water-borne traffic through a safe channel at night in reasonable visibility. Sector lights are most ...
An electronic navigational chart ( ENC) is an official database created by a national hydrographic office for use with an Electronic Chart Display and Information System ( ECDIS ). [ 1] ECDIS and ENCs are the primary means of electronic navigation on cargo ships. [ 1] Charts can be used in navigation to provide an indication of location once a ...
The numbers in the squares indicate the individual Planning Guidecoverage areas. Sailing Directionsare written directions that describe the routes to be taken by boats and ships during coastal navigation and port approaches. There are also products known as Sailing Directions, which are books written by various Hydrographic Offices throughout ...
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