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Betacoronavirus (β-CoVs or Beta-CoVs) is one of four genera ( Alpha -, Beta-, Gamma-, and Delta-) of coronaviruses. Member viruses are enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses that infect mammals, including humans. The natural reservoir for betacoronaviruses are bats and rodents. Rodents are the reservoir for the subgenus Embecovirus, while bats ...
Human coronavirus OC43 [1] (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1, which infects humans and cattle. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped , positive-sense , single-stranded RNA virus that enters its host cell by binding to the N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor . [ 4 ]
On 9 April 2020, the National Institutes of Health began the first clinical trial to assess whether hydroxychloroquine is safe and effective to treat COVID-19. [ 44 ] [ 45 ] A Veterans Affairs study released results on 21 April suggesting COVID-19-hospitalized patients treated with hydroxychloroquine were more likely to die than those who ...
Human coronavirus 229E. Alphacoronavirus chicagoense [1] ( also called Human coronavirus 229E and abbreviated HCoV-229E) is a species of coronavirus which infects humans and bats. [2] It is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus which enters its host cell by binding to the APN receptor. [3]
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The term variant of concern (VOC) for SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, is a category used for variants of the virus where mutations in their spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) substantially increase binding affinity (e.g., N501Y) in RBD-hACE2 complex (genetic data), while also being linked to rapid spread in human populations ...
MERS-CoV is a virus in the coronavirus family believed to be originally from bats. [ 1] However, humans are typically infected from camels, either during direct contact or indirectly through respiratory droplets. [ 1] Spread between humans typically requires close contact with an infected person. [ 1]
The earliest reports of a coronavirus infection in animals occurred in the late 1920s, when an acute respiratory infection of domesticated chickens emerged in North America. [15] Arthur Schalk and M.C. Hawn in 1931 made the first detailed report which described a new respiratory infection of chickens in North Dakota.
Avian coronavirus is a species of virus from the genus Gammacoronavirus that infects birds; since 2018, all gammacoronaviruses which infect birds have been classified as this single species. [3] The strain of avian coronavirus previously known as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the only coronavirus that infects chickens. [ 3 ]