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The disorder results from an antibody, called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI), that has a similar effect to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). [1] These TSI antibodies cause the thyroid gland to produce excess thyroid hormones. [1] The diagnosis may be suspected based on symptoms and confirmed with blood tests and radioiodine uptake.
Euthyroid sick syndrome ( ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [ 1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback control, dyshomeostatic disorders ...
Wilson's ( temperature) syndrome, also called Wilson's thyroid syndrome or WTS, is a term used in alternative medicine to improperly attribute various common and non-specific symptoms to abnormally low body temperature and impaired conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3), despite normal thyroid function tests. [ 1] E.
Most frequent are symptoms due to conjunctival or corneal irritation: burning, photophobia, tearing, pain, and a gritty or sandy sensation. [4] Protruding eyeballs (known as proptosis and exophthalmos ). Diplopia (double vision) is common. [4] Limitation of eye movement (due to impairment of eye muscle function).
The thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, or adrenal glands, and the pancreas are parts of the endocrine system, and, therefore are associated with the endocrine bone disease. [2] Some common endocrine disorders are hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Paget's disease, [1] Osteoporosis, and diabetes. [3] The thyroid gland produces thyroxin (T3, and T4 ...
Hypothyroidism (also called underactive thyroid, low thyroid or hypothyreosis) is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. [3] It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold , extreme fatigue, muscle aches , constipation , slow heart rate , depression , and ...
Thyroid diseases are highly prevalent worldwide, [10] [11] [12] and treatment varies based on the disorder. Levothyroxine is the mainstay of treatment for people with hypothyroidism, [13] while people with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease can be managed with iodine therapy, antithyroid medication, or surgical removal of the thyroid ...
Talipes equinovarus. Tamari–Goodman syndrome. Tang Hsi Ryu syndrome. Tangier disease. TAR syndrome. Tardive dyskinesia. Tarsal tunnel syndrome. Taste disorder. Tatton-Brown–Rahman syndrome.