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Coupon collector's problem. In probability theory, the coupon collector's problem refers to mathematical analysis of "collect all coupons and win" contests. It asks the following question: if each box of a given product (e.g., breakfast cereals) contains a coupon, and there are n different types of coupons, what is the probability that more ...
numpy.org. NumPy (pronounced / ˈnʌmpaɪ / NUM-py) is a library for the Python programming language, adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. [ 3 ] The predecessor of NumPy, Numeric, was originally created by Jim Hugunin with ...
Python is a multi-paradigm programming language. Object-oriented programming and structured programming are fully supported, and many of their features support functional programming and aspect-oriented programming (including metaprogramming [ 71 ] and metaobjects). [ 72 ] Many other paradigms are supported via extensions, including design by ...
The SymPy library is split into a core with many optional modules. Currently, the core of SymPy has around 260,000 lines of code [8] (it also includes a comprehensive set of self-tests: over 100,000 lines in 350 files as of version 0.7.5), and its capabilities include: [4] [5] [9] [10] [11]
Many variations of the problem have been explored, but most do not lead to a simple closed-form solution. Flexible retirement age can be taken into account. [5] A utility function other than CRRA can be used. Transaction costs can be introduced. For proportional transaction costs the problem was solved by Davis and Norman in 1990. [6]
Website. pandas.pydata.org. Pandas (styled as pandas) is a software library written for the Python programming language for data manipulation and analysis. In particular, it offers data structures and operations for manipulating numerical tables and time series. It is free software released under the three-clause BSD license. [2]
Desktop publishing (DTP) application allows opening and editing of PDF documents; Allows compatible saving as PDF 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.7 and supports also PDF/X1, PDF/X1a and PDF/X-3. pdf-parser: Public Domain Python script Yes Extraction and analysis tool, handles corrupt and malicious PDF documents. PDFedit: GNU GPL: Yes Yes BSD Yes
Monte Carlo methods for option pricing. In mathematical finance, a Monte Carlo option model uses Monte Carlo methods [Notes 1] to calculate the value of an option with multiple sources of uncertainty or with complicated features. [1] The first application to option pricing was by Phelim Boyle in 1977 (for European options).