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Formally, a message authentication code (MAC) system is a triple of efficient algorithms (G, S, V) satisfying: G (key-generator) gives the key k on input 1 n, where n is the security parameter. S (signing) outputs a tag t on the key k and the input string x. V (verifying) outputs accepted or rejected on inputs: the key k, the string x and the ...
Replay attack. A replay attack (also known as a repeat attack or playback attack) is a form of network [1] attack in which valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated or delayed. [1] This is carried out either by the originator or by an adversary who intercepts the data and re-transmits it, possibly as part of a spoofing ...
eSTREAM is a project to "identify new stream ciphers suitable for widespread adoption", [1] [2] organised by the EU ECRYPT network. It was set up as a result of the failure of all six stream ciphers submitted to the NESSIE project. The call for primitives was first issued in November 2004. The project was completed in April 2008.
Salsa20 and the closely related ChaCha are stream ciphers developed by Daniel J. Bernstein. Salsa20, the original cipher, was designed in 2005, then later submitted to the eSTREAM European Union cryptographic validation process by Bernstein. ChaCha is a modification of Salsa20 published in 2008. It uses a new round function that increases ...
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Message authentication codes. This category is about the cryptographic methods called message authentication codes (MACs) . (See also the related category Cryptographic hash functions .)
In cryptography, an HMAC (sometimes expanded as either keyed-hash message authentication code or hash-based message authentication code) is a specific type of message authentication code (MAC) involving a cryptographic hash function and a secret cryptographic key. As with any MAC, it may be used to simultaneously verify both the data integrity ...
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