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800–1600 Native, Javanese and Chinese money. The first coin-like products found in Indonesia date from the 9th century Buddhist Sailendran dynasty and were produced in Indonesia until the 12th century: gold and silver massa (emas is the modern Indonesian word for "gold"), tahil and kupang, often described with the letter ma for massa or the image of sandalwood flower.
The rupiah ( symbol: Rp; currency code: IDR) is the official currency of Indonesia, issued and controlled by Bank Indonesia. Its name is derived from the Sanskrit word for silver, rupyakam ( रूप्यकम् ). [4] Sometimes, Indonesians also informally use the word perak ("silver" in Indonesian) in referring to rupiah in coins.
The Liberal Democracy period in Indonesia ( Indonesian: Demokrasi Liberal ), also known as the Era of Parliamentary Democracy, was a period in Indonesian political history, when the country was under a liberal democratic system. During this period, Indonesia held its first and only free and fair legislative election until 1999, but also saw ...
The Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle ( Indonesian: Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan, PDI-P) is a centre to left-wing secular - nationalist political party in Indonesia. Since 2014, it has been the ruling and largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR), having secured 110 seats in the last election.
e. Suharto [b] ( / suːˈhɑːrtoʊ / soo-HAR-toh, Indonesian: [suˈharto] ⓘ; 8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian military officer and politician, who served as the second and the longest serving President of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto led Indonesia as an authoritarian ...
Money around independence year: Oeang Republik Indonesia (1945-1949) First series (1945) The first 'Indonesian rupiah' bank notes bore the date of the proclamation on new Indonesian money, 17 October 1945, under the authority of the "Republik Indonesia", and were apparently intended for issue on 1 February 1946, but due to the capture of most of the notes, only a tiny number escaped at this time.
By Christy Santhosh. (Reuters) - Some 4% of U.S. adults aged 65 and older say they have been diagnosed with dementia, a rate that reached 13% for those at least 85-years old, according to a report ...
The Communist Party of Indonesia ( Indonesian: Partai Komunis Indonesia, PKI) was a communist party in the Dutch East Indies and later Indonesia. It was the largest non-ruling communist party in the world before its violent disbandment in 1965. The party had two million members in the 1955 elections, with 16 percent of the national vote and ...