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Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula H N O 3. It is a highly corrosive mineral acid. [ 6] The compound is colorless, but samples tend to acquire a yellow cast over time due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. Most commercially available nitric acid has a concentration of 68% in water.
Aqua regia ( / ˈreɪɡiə, ˈriːdʒiə /; from Latin, "regal water" or "royal water") is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, optimally in a molar ratio of 1:3. [ b] Aqua regia is a fuming liquid. Freshly prepared aqua regia is colorless, but it turns yellow, orange or red within seconds from the formation of nitrosyl chloride and ...
Infobox references. Nitrocellulose (also known as cellulose nitrate, flash paper, flash cotton, guncotton, pyroxylin and flash string, depending on form) is a highly flammable compound formed by nitrating cellulose through exposure to a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. One of its first major uses was as guncotton, a replacement for ...
In organic chemistry, nitro compounds are organic compounds that contain one or more nitro functional groups ( −NO2 ). The nitro group is one of the most common explosophores (functional group that makes a compound explosive) used globally. The nitro group is also strongly electron-withdrawing. Because of this property, C−H bonds alpha ...
The industrial production of ammonium nitrate entails the acid-base reaction of ammonia with nitric acid: [12] HNO 3 + NH 3 → NH 4 NO 3. The ammonia required for this process is obtained by the Haber process from nitrogen and hydrogen. Ammonia produced by the Haber process can be oxidized to nitric acid by the Ostwald process.
Dinitrogen pentoxide reacts with water to produce nitric acid HNO 3. Thus, dinitrogen pentoxide is the anhydride of nitric acid: [11] N 2 O 5 + H 2 O → 2 HNO 3. Solutions of dinitrogen pentoxide in nitric acid can be seen as nitric acid with more than 100% concentration.
The chemical element nitrogen is one of the most abundant elements in the universe and can form many compounds. It can take several oxidation states; but the most common oxidation states are -3 and +3. Nitrogen can form nitride and nitrate ions. It also forms a part of nitric acid and nitrate salts.
However, in contrast to red fuming nitric acid (HNO 3 /N 2 O 4), or concentrated nitric acid (HNO 3), nitrate dissolved in aqueous solution at neutral or high pH is only a weak oxidizing agent and is stable under sterile, or aseptic, conditions, in the absence of microorganisms. To increase its oxidation power, acidic conditions and high ...