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Infobox references. Sulfuric acid ( American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid ( Commonwealth spelling ), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen, with the molecular formula H2SO4. It is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is miscible with water.
Sulfuric(IV) acid (United Kingdom spelling: sulphuric(IV) acid), also known as sulfurous (UK: sulphurous) acid and thionic acid, [citation needed] is the chemical compound with the formula H 2 SO 3. Raman spectra of solutions of sulfur dioxide in water show only signals due to the SO 2 molecule and the bisulfite ion, HSO − 3 . [ 2 ]
For sulfuric acid, computational analysis (with natural bond orbitals) confirms a clear positive charge on sulfur (theoretically +2.45) and a low 3d occupancy. Therefore, the representation with four single bonds is the optimal Lewis structure rather than the one with two double bonds (thus the Lewis model, not the Pauling model).
Sulfur dioxide is the product of the burning of sulfur or of burning materials that contain sulfur: 1⁄8 S8 + O2 → SO2, ΔH = −297 kJ/mol. To aid combustion, liquified sulfur (140–150 °C (284–302 °F) is sprayed through an atomizing nozzle to generate fine drops of sulfur with a large surface area.
Piranha solution, also known as piranha etch, is a mixture of sulfuric acid ( H2SO4) and hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ). The resulting mixture is used to clean organic residues off substrates, for example silicon wafers. [ 1] Because the mixture is a strong oxidizing agent, it will decompose most organic matter, and it will also hydroxylate most ...
Oleum is a useful form for transporting sulfuric acid compounds, typically in rail tank cars, between oil refineries, which produce various sulfur compounds as a byproduct of refining, and industrial consumers. Certain compositions of oleum are solid at room temperature, and thus are safer to ship than as a liquid.
The most important chemical sodium sulfate production is during hydrochloric acid production, either from sodium chloride (salt) and sulfuric acid, in the Mannheim process, or from sulfur dioxide in the Hargreaves process. [21] The resulting sodium sulfate from these processes is known as salt cake. Mannheim: 2 NaCl + H 2 SO 4 → 2 HCl + Na 2 SO 4
Hydrazine sulfate, more properly hydrazinium hydrogensulfate, is a salt of the cation hydrazinium and the anion bisulfate (hydrogensulfate), with the formula N2H6SO4 or more properly [N2H5]+[HSO4]−. It is a white, water-soluble solid at room temperature . Hydrazine sulfate has a number of uses in chemical laboratories and in the chemical ...
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