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Stokes' law. In fluid dynamics, Stokes' law is an empirical law for the frictional force – also called drag force – exerted on spherical objects with very small Reynolds numbers in a viscous fluid. [1] It was derived by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851 by solving the Stokes flow limit for small Reynolds numbers of the Navier–Stokes equations.
Projectile motion. Parabolic trajectories of water jets. Components of initial velocity of parabolic throwing. Ballistic trajectories are parabolic if gravity is homogeneous and elliptic if it is round. Projectile motion is a form of motion experienced by an object or particle (a projectile) that is projected in a gravitational field, such as ...
In fluid dynamics, the drag equation is a formula used to calculate the force of drag experienced by an object due to movement through a fully enclosing fluid. The equation is: where. F d {\displaystyle F_ {\rm {d}}} is the drag force, which is by definition the force component in the direction of the flow velocity,
Drag (physics) In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object, moving with respect to a surrounding fluid. [ 1] This can exist between two fluid layers, two solid surfaces, or between a fluid and solid surface. Drag forces tend to decrease fluid velocity ...
The drag coefficient is defined as. where: F d {\displaystyle F_ {\mathrm {d} }} is the drag force, which is by definition the force component in the direction of the flow velocity; [ 9 ] ρ {\displaystyle \rho } is the mass density of the fluid; [ 10 ] u {\displaystyle u} is the flow speed of the object relative to the fluid;
The Stokes number is defined as the ratio of the characteristic time of a particle (or droplet) to a characteristic time of the flow or of an obstacle, or. where is the relaxation time of the particle (the time constant in the exponential decay of the particle velocity due to drag), is the fluid velocity of the flow well away from the obstacle ...
Magnus effect in a particle simulation of a 2D liquid. The Magnus effect is an observable phenomenon commonly associated with a spinning object moving through a fluid. A lift force acts on the spinning object. The path of the object may be deflected in a manner not present when the object is not spinning.
External ballistics or exterior ballistics is the part of ballistics that deals with the behavior of a projectile in flight. The projectile may be powered or un-powered, guided or unguided, spin or fin stabilized, flying through an atmosphere or in the vacuum of space, but most certainly flying under the influence of a gravitational field.