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  2. Extremophile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremophile

    The bright colors of Grand Prismatic Spring, Yellowstone National Park, are produced by thermophiles, a type of extremophile.. An extremophile (from Latin extremus 'extreme' and Ancient Greek φιλία (philía) 'love') is an organism that is able to live (or in some cases thrive) in extreme environments, i.e., environments with conditions approaching or stretching the limits of what known ...

  3. Jellyfish - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jellyfish

    Jellyfish form large masses or blooms in certain environmental conditions of ocean currents, nutrients, sunshine, temperature, season, prey availability, reduced predation and oxygen concentration. Currents collect jellyfish together, especially in years with unusually high populations.

  4. Thermal pollution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_pollution

    Primary producers (e.g. plants, cyanobacteria) are affected by warm water because higher water temperature increases plant growth rates, resulting in a shorter lifespan and species overpopulation. The increased temperature can also change the balance of microbial growth, including the rate of algae blooms which reduce dissolved oxygen ...

  5. Resource (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_(biology)

    In biology and ecology, a resource is a substance or object in the environment required by an organism for normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction. Resources can be consumed by one organism and, as a result, become unavailable to another organism. [1] [2] [3] For plants key resources are light, nutrients, water, and space to

  6. Protist - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protist

    There is not a single accepted definition of what protists are. As a paraphyletic assemblage of diverse biological groups, they have historically been regarded as a catch-all taxon that includes any eukaryotic organism (i.e., living beings whose cells possess a nucleus) that is not an animal, a land plant or a dikaryon fungus.

  7. Kelp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelp

    New fossils of kelp holdfasts from early Oligocene rocks in Washington State show that kelps were present in the northeastern Pacific Ocean by at least 32 million years ago. [6] The organisms require nutrient-rich water with temperatures between 6 and 14 °C (43 and 57 °F).

  8. Dormancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dormancy

    During winter dormancy, plant metabolism comes to a virtual standstill, due in part to low temperatures that slow chemical activity. [1]Dormancy is a period in an organism's life cycle when growth, development, and (in animals) physical activity are temporarily stopped.

  9. DNA ligase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_ligase

    DNA ligase is a type of enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond.It plays a role in repairing single-strand breaks in duplex DNA in living organisms, but some forms (such as DNA ligase IV) may specifically repair double-strand breaks (i.e. a break in both complementary strands of DNA).