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Bending. A chimney starter, a sample product of bending. Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials, most commonly sheet metal. [1] Commonly used equipment include box and pan brakes, brake presses, and other specialized machine presses.
Bend radius. Bend radius, which is measured to the inside curvature, is the minimum radius one can bend a pipe, tube, sheet, cable or hose without kinking it, damaging it, or shortening its life. The smaller the bend radius, the greater the material flexibility (as the radius of curvature decreases, the curvature increases ).
A press brake is a machine used for bending sheet metal and metal plate, most commonly sheet metal. [1] It forms predetermined bends by clamping the workpiece between a matching top tool and bottom die. [2] Typically, two C-frames form the sides of the press brake, connected to a table at the bottom and on a movable beam at the top.
Bending moment. Shear and moment diagram for a simply supported beam with a concentrated load at mid-span. In solid mechanics, a bending moment is the reaction induced in a structural element when an external force or moment is applied to the element, causing the element to bend. [1] [2] The most common or simplest structural element subjected ...
A trombone with some U-bends. Tube bending is any metal forming processes used to permanently form pipes or tubing. Tube bending may be form-bound or use freeform-bending procedures, and it may use heat supported or cold forming procedures. Form bound bending procedures like “press bending” or “rotary draw bending” are used to form the ...
Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, or bend strength, or transverse rupture strength is a material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexure test. [1] The transverse bending test is most frequently employed, in which a specimen having either a circular or rectangular cross-section is bent ...
Theory. If the section is symmetric, isotropic and is not curved before a bend occurs, then the neutral axis is at the geometric centroid of a beam or shaft. All fibers on one side of the neutral axis are in a state of tension, while those on the opposite side are in compression . Since the beam is undergoing uniform bending, a plane on the ...
Tolerances can typically be held within ±0.015 inches (0.38 mm) for the width of the cross-sectional form, and ±0.060 inches (1.5 mm) for its depth. Production rates. The production rate depends greatly on the material thickness and the bend radius; it is however also affected by the number of required stations or steps.