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  2. Federal Rules of Evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Rules_of_Evidence

    The committee was composed of U.S. lawyers and U.S. legal scholars. The Federal Rules of Evidence began as rules proposed pursuant to a statutory grant of authority, the Rules Enabling Act, but were eventually enacted as statutory law. The United States Supreme Court circulated drafts of the FRE in 1969, 1971 and 1972, but Congress then ...

  3. Public policy doctrines for the exclusion of relevant evidence

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_policy_doctrines...

    Subsequent remedial measures. A subsequent remedial measure is an improvement, repair, or safety measure made after an injury has occurred. FRE 407 [dead link] prohibits the admission of evidence of subsequent remedial measures to show defendant's (1) negligence; (2) culpable conduct; (3) a defect in defendant's product; (4) defect in the design of defendant's product; or (5) the need for a ...

  4. Hearsay in United States law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearsay_in_United_States_law

    The Federal Rules of Evidence define hearsay as: A statement that: (1) the declarant does not make while testifying at the current trial or hearing; and (2) a party offers in evidence to prove the truth of the matter asserted in the statement. (F.R.E. 801 (c)).

  5. Brady disclosure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brady_disclosure

    v. t. e. In the legal system of the United States, a Brady disclosure consists of exculpatory or impeaching information and evidence that is material to the guilt or innocence or to the punishment of a defendant. The term comes from the 1963 U.S. Supreme Court case Brady v. Maryland, [1] in which the Supreme Court ruled that suppression by the ...

  6. Miranda warning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_warning

    In the United States, the Miranda warning is a type of notification customarily given by police to criminal suspects in police custody (or in a custodial interrogation) advising them of their right to silence and, in effect, protection from self-incrimination; that is, their right to refuse to answer questions or provide information to law enforcement or other officials.

  7. Prior consistent statements and prior inconsistent statements

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prior_consistent...

    However, under Federal Rule of Evidence 801 and the minority of U.S. jurisdictions that have adopted this rule, a prior inconsistent statement may be introduced as evidence of the truth of the statement itself if the prior statement was given in live testimony and under oath as part of a formal hearing, proceeding, trial, or deposition.

  8. Exclusionary rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exclusionary_rule

    Criminal procedure. In the United States, the exclusionary rule is a legal rule, based on constitutional law, that prevents evidence collected or analyzed in violation of the defendant 's constitutional rights from being used in a court of law. This may be considered an example of a prophylactic rule formulated by the judiciary in order to ...

  9. Search warrant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_warrant

    A search warrant is a court order that a magistrate or judge issues to authorize law enforcement officers to conduct a search of a person, location, or vehicle for evidence of a crime and to confiscate any evidence they find. In most countries, a search warrant cannot be issued in aid of civil process. Jurisdictions that respect the rule of law ...

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