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At the cellular level, T 3 is the body's more active and potent thyroid hormone. [2] T 3 helps deliver oxygen and energy to all of the body's cells, its effects on target tissues being roughly four times more potent than those of T 4. [2] Of the thyroid hormone that is produced, just about 20% is T 3, whereas 80% is produced as T 4.
The majority of cases occur in women over 60 years of age, although it may happen in all age groups. [18] Most hypothyroidism is primary in nature. Central/secondary hypothyroidism affects 1:20,000 to 1:80,000 of the population, or about one out of every thousand people with hypothyroidism. [10]
Normal human body temperature ( normothermia, euthermia) is the typical temperature range found in humans. The normal human body temperature range is typically stated as 36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F). [ 8][ 9] Human body temperature varies. It depends on sex, age, time of day, exertion level, health status (such as illness and menstruation ...
Menopause is a nearly universal experience for women who live to middle age. In the United States, an estimated 1.3 million women enter menopause every year. Around 90% of women experience ...
Hyperthyroidism is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. [ 3] Thyrotoxicosis is the condition that occurs due to excessive thyroid hormone of any cause and therefore includes hyperthyroidism. [ 3] Some, however, use the terms interchangeably. [ 5]
Euthyroid sick syndrome ( ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [ 1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback control, dyshomeostatic disorders ...
Thyroid function tests include a battery of blood tests, including the measurement of the thyroid hormones, as well as the measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). [84] They may reveal hyperthyroidism (high T 3 and T 4 ), hypothyroidism (low T 3 , T 4 ), or subclinical hyperthyroidism (normal T 3 and T 4 with a low TSH).
The major form of thyroid hormone in the blood is thyroxine (T 4), whose half-life of around one week [4] is longer than that of T 3. [5] In humans, the ratio of T 4 to T 3 released into the blood is approximately 14:1. [6] T 4 is converted to the active T 3 (three to four times more potent than T 4) within cells by deiodinases (5′-deiodinase).