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Bipolar I disorder (BD-I; pronounced "type one bipolar disorder") is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. [ 1] Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes. [ 2] Typically, these manic episodes can last at least 7 ...
Bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is characterized by episodes of depression and hypomania or mania. Bipolar disorder, previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of abnormally elevated mood that each last from days to weeks. [ 4][ 5] If the elevated mood is severe or associated ...
The DSM-5 defines atypical depression as a subtype of major depressive disorder that presents with "atypical features", characterized by: Mood reactivity (i.e., mood brightens in response to actual or potential positive events) At least two of the following: Significant weight gain or increase in appetite (hyperphagia);
Cyclothymic bipolar disorder: In this form of the disease, a person cycles through many periods of less severe hypomanic episodes and periods of depressive symptoms that do not meet the criteria ...
Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and an unstable mood. [ 4][ 5] This diagnosis requires symptoms of both schizophrenia ( psychosis) and a mood disorder: either bipolar disorder or depression. [ 4][ 5] The main criterion is the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without ...
Electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT) or electroshock therapy ( EST) is a psychiatric treatment where a generalized seizure (without muscular convulsions) is electrically induced to manage refractory mental disorders. [ 1] Typically, 70 to 120 volts are applied externally to the patient's head, resulting in approximately 800 milliamperes of direct ...
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is an international standard diagnostic classification for a wide variety of health conditions. The ICD-10 states that mental disorder is "not an exact term", although is generally used "...to imply the existence of a clinically recognisable set of symptoms or behaviours associated in most cases with distress and with interference with ...
The DSM-5 (2013), the current version, also features ICD-9-CM codes, listing them alongside the codes of Chapter V of the ICD-10-CM. On 1 October 2015, the United States health care system officially switched from the ICD-9-CM to the ICD-10-CM. [1] [2] The DSM is the authoritative reference work in diagnosing mental disorders in the world.