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On a rated ballot, the voter may rate each choice independently. An approval voting ballot does not require ranking or exclusivity. Rated, evaluative, [1] graded, [1] or cardinal voting systems are a class of voting methods which allow voters to state how strongly they support a candidate, [2] which involves giving each one a grade on a separate scale. [1]
A Chinese pain scale diagram, rating pain on a scale of 1 to 10. A pain scale measures a patient's pain intensity or other features. Pain scales are a common communication tool in medical contexts, and are used in a variety of medical settings. Pain scales are a necessity to assist with better assessment of pain and patient screening.
Ordinal variables have a meaningful ordering, while nominal variables have no meaningful ordering. A categorical variable that can take on exactly two values is termed a binary variable or a dichotomous variable; an important special case is the Bernoulli variable.
The measure calculates the degree of agreement in classification over that which would be expected by chance. Fleiss' kappa can be used with binary or nominal-scale. It can also be applied to ordinal data (ranked data): the MiniTab online documentation [1] gives an example.
In statistics, the phi coefficient (or mean square contingency coefficient and denoted by φ or r φ) is a measure of association for two binary variables.. In machine learning, it is known as the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) and used as a measure of the quality of binary (two-class) classifications, introduced by biochemist Brian W. Matthews in 1975.
The semantic differential (SD) is a measurement scale designed to measure a person's subjective perception of, and affective reactions to, the properties of concepts, objects, and events by making use of a set of bipolar scales.
An absolute scale differs from an arbitrary, or "relative", scale, which begins at some point selected by a person and can progress in both directions. An absolute scale begins at a natural minimum, leaving only one direction in which to progress. An absolute scale can only be applied to measurements in which a true minimum is known to exist.
The Mohs scale is an ordinal scale. For example, corundum (9) is twice as hard as topaz (8), but diamond (10) is four times as hard as corundum. The table below shows the comparison with the absolute hardness measured by a sclerometer , with images of the reference minerals in the rightmost column.