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Enterobacteria phage T4. Escherichia virus T4 is a species of bacteriophages that infect Escherichia coli bacteria. It is a double-stranded DNA virus in the subfamily Tevenvirinae of the family Straboviridae. T4 is capable of undergoing only a lytic life cycle and not the lysogenic life cycle.
Anatomy and infection cycle of bacteriophage T4. A bacteriophage ( / bækˈtɪərioʊfeɪdʒ / ), also known informally as a phage ( / ˈfeɪdʒ / ), is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea. The term was derived from "bacteria" and the Greek φαγεῖν ( phagein ), meaning "to devour".
Low-temperature electron micrograph of a cluster of E. coli bacteria, magnified 10,000 times. Each individual bacterium is a rounded cylinder. Each individual bacterium is a rounded cylinder. Certain strains of E. coli , such as O157:H7 , O104:H4 , O121 , O26 , O103 , O111 , O145 , and O104:H21 , produce potentially lethal toxins .
Tobacco mosaic virus ( TMV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus species in the genus Tobamovirus that infects a wide range of plants, especially tobacco and other members of the family Solanaceae. The infection causes characteristic patterns, such as " mosaic "-like mottling and discoloration on the leaves (hence the name).
Like all animals, humans carry vast numbers (approximately 10 13 to 10 14) of bacteria. Most are in the gut , though there are many on the skin. Most of the bacteria in and on the body are harmless or rendered so by the protective effects of the immune system , and many are beneficial , [3] particularly the ones in the gut.
Bacillus subtilis (/ b ə ˈ s ɪ l. ə s s u b ˈ t iː. l i s /), known also as the hay bacillus or grass bacillus, is a gram-positive, catalase-positive bacterium, found in soil and the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, humans and marine sponges.
Salmonella enterica subsp. salamae. Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped (bacillus) gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The two known species of Salmonella are Salmonella enterica and Salmonella bongori. S. enterica is the type species and is further divided into six subspecies [2] [3] that include over 2,650 serotypes. [4]
5) n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β (1→4) linked D -glucose units. [3] [4] Cellulose is an important structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms of algae and the oomycetes. Some species of bacteria secrete it to form biofilms. [5]