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Under the Constitution, the President, in addition to being Chief Executive, is Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy. He holds the prime responsibility for the conduct of United States foreign relations.
The Commander in Chief Clause of Article II, Section 2 provides that “The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States.”.
The president's most important duty as commander in chief is to defend the United States, its territories and possessions and its armed forces, from attack.
The American Armed Forces have fought valiantly against foreign enemies since the Founding of the nation. As commander in chief, the president has the power to oversee the Armed Forces during their service. Congress has the power to call military personnel into service with a declaration of war.
Thus, the Legal Adviser of the State Department, in a widely circulated document, contended: “Under the Constitution, the President, in addition to being Chief Executive, is Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy. He holds the prime responsibility for the conduct of United States foreign relations.
Even after the Civil War, a powerful minority of the Court, led by Chief Justice Salmon Chase, described the role of President as Commander in Chief simply as the command of the forces and the conduct of campaigns. 14 Footnote
The Constitution establishes the president as commander in chief of the Army and the Navy. According to the National Security Act of 1947, the president is the commander in chief of all...
The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their ...
The U.S. Constitution declares the President of the United States to be the “Commander in Chief” of the U.S. military. However, the Constitution also gives U.S. Congress the exclusive power to declare war.
Historical Background on Commander in Chief Clause. Prize Cases and Commander in Chief Clause. Wartime Powers of President in World War II. Evacuation of the West Coast Japanese. The President and Labor Relations in World War II. Presidential Directives and Sanctions in World War II.