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Autism, also called autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), [10] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of deficient reciprocal social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive, and inflexible patterns of behavior that are impairing in multiple contexts and excessive or atypical to be developmentally and socioculturally ...
Attachment and attachment disorder. Attachment theory is primarily an evolutionary and ethological theory. In relation to infants, it primarily consists of proximity seeking to an attachment figure in the face of threat, for the purpose of survival. [ 2] Although an attachment is a "tie", it is not synonymous with love and affection, despite ...
Diagnosis of autism. The diagnosis of autism is based on a person's reported and directly observed behavior. [ 1] There are no known biomarkers for autism spectrum conditions that allow for a conclusive diagnosis. [ 2] In most cases, diagnostic criteria codified in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD ...
Pathological demand avoidance ( PDA) or extreme demand avoidance ( EDA) is a proposed disorder, and proposed sub-type of autism spectrum disorder, defined by characteristics such as a demand avoidance—which is a greater-than-typical refusal to comply with requests or expectations—and extreme efforts to avoid social demands. [ 1][ 2] Any ...
Classic autism. Classic autism, also known as childhood autism, autistic disorder, (early) infantile autism, infantile psychosis, Kanner's autism, Kanner's syndrome, or (formerly) just autism, is a neurodevelopmental condition first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. It is characterized by atypical and impaired development in social interaction ...
Asperger syndrome ( AS ), also known as Asperger's syndrome or Asperger's, is a term formerly used to describe a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. [ 5]
Sexual maturation disorder was listed in the tenth edition of the World Health Organization 's (WHO) International Classification of Diseases, the ICD-10, the most widely used diagnostic manual by psychiatrists and psychologists worldwide. [1] It was described as a disorder of anxiety or depression related to an uncertainty about one's gender ...
Anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant and uncontrollable feelings of anxiety and fear [ 2] such that a person's social, occupational, and personal functions are significantly impaired. [ 2] Anxiety may cause physical and cognitive symptoms, such as restlessness, irritability, easy ...