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During pregnancy the layer of endometrium that attaches directly to developing blastocyst becomes the maternal portion of the placenta, also known as the decidua basalis. [9] In the absence of a decidua basalis, trophoblast cells on the developing blastocyst form an abnormally deep attachment to the uterine wall, this is known as abnormal ...
Miscarriage, also known in medical terms as a spontaneous abortion, is the death and expulsion of an embryo or fetus before it can survive independently. [ 1][ 4] The term miscarriage is sometimes used to refer to all forms of pregnancy loss and pregnancy with abortive outcomes before 20 weeks of gestation.
Pregnancy with abortive outcome is a medical diagnosis and treatment category. According to the U.S. National Library of Medicine, pregnancy with abortive outcome is defined as "unintentional or intentional loss of a pregnancy before 22 weeks gestation." Conditions and circumstances within this category include: Ectopic pregnancy
Placental abruption is when the placenta separates early from the uterus, in other words separates before childbirth. [ 2] It occurs most commonly around 25 weeks of pregnancy. [ 2] Symptoms may include vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, and dangerously low blood pressure. [ 1] Complications for the mother can include disseminated ...
Fetal distress, also known as non-reassuring fetal status, is a condition during pregnancy or labor in which the fetus shows signs of inadequate oxygenation. [ 1] Due to its imprecision, the term "fetal distress" has fallen out of use in American obstetrics. [ 2][ 1][ 3] The term "non-reassuring fetal status" has largely replaced it. [ 4]
Fetal-maternal haemorrhage is the loss of fetal blood cells into the maternal circulation. It takes place in normal pregnancies as well as when there are obstetric or trauma related complications to pregnancy. Normally the maternal circulation and the fetal circulation are kept from direct contact with each other, with gas and nutrient exchange ...
Of these cases 86% were carried out due to physical problems with the child or mother. [ 34 ] United States: In 2003, from data collected in those areas that sufficiently reported gestational age , it was found that 6.2% of abortions were conducted between 13 and 15 weeks, 4.2% between 16 and 20 weeks, and 1.4% at or after 21 weeks. [ 35 ]
Anemia prevalences during pregnancy differed from 18% in developed countries to 75% in South Asia; culminating to a global rate of 38% of pregnancies worldwide. [32] [5] [33] Treatment varies due to the severity of the anaemia, and can be used by increasing iron containing foods, oral iron tablets or by the use of parenteral iron. [13]