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Hyperthyroidism is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. [3] Thyrotoxicosis is the condition that occurs due to excessive thyroid hormone of any cause and therefore includes hyperthyroidism. [3] Some, however, use the terms interchangeably. [5]
Sepsis, infectious disease [1] Prognosis. 8-25% mortality with treatment; 80-100% mortality if untreated. Thyroid storm is a rare but severe and life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism. It occurs when an overactive thyroid leads to hypermetabolism, which can cause death from cardiac arrest or multiple organ failure. [2]
Euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional. This condition may result from allostatic responses of hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid feedback control, dyshomeostatic disorders ...
T4 is a prohormone; that is, T4 is a precursor to the hormone T3. Whereas T4 is a tetraiodide, T3 is a triiodide, triiodothyronine. The T4 → T3 conversion is mediated by the selenoenzyme iodothyronine deiodinase. T3-thyroxine is a unique example of an iodine compound that is essential for human health.
Graves' disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter or Basedow’s disease, is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. [ 1 ] It frequently results in and is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. [ 5 ] It also often results in an enlarged thyroid. [ 1 ] Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism may include irritability, muscle weakness ...
Thyroid hormones are any hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, namely triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). They are tyrosine -based hormones that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism. T 3 and T 4 are partially composed of iodine, derived from food. [ 2 ] A deficiency of iodine leads to decreased production ...
Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome (CIDS) is a medical condition present at birth marked by impaired physical and mental development, due to insufficient thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism) often caused by insufficient dietary iodine during pregnancy. It is one cause of underactive thyroid function at birth, called congenital hypothyroidism ...
T 3 is the more metabolically active hormone produced from T 4.T 4 is deiodinated by three deiodinase enzymes to produce the more-active triiodothyronine: . Type I present in liver, kidney, thyroid, and (to a lesser extent) pituitary; it accounts for 80% of the deiodination of T 4.