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  2. Network address translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation

    Mapping of Address and Port is a Cisco proposal that combines Address plus Port translation with tunneling of the IPv4 packets over an ISP provider's internal IPv6 network. In effect, it is an (almost) stateless alternative to carrier-grade NAT and DS-Lite that pushes the IPv4 address /port translation function (and the maintenance of NAT state ...

  3. Port forwarding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding

    Port forwarding. In computer networking, port forwarding or port mapping is an application of network address translation (NAT) that redirects a communication request from one address and port number combination to another while the packets are traversing a network gateway, such as a router or firewall. This technique is most commonly used to ...

  4. Port Control Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Control_Protocol

    Port Control Protocol ( PCP) is a computer networking protocol that allows hosts on IPv4 or IPv6 networks to control how the incoming IPv4 or IPv6 packets are translated and forwarded by an upstream router that performs network address translation (NAT) or packet filtering. By allowing hosts to create explicit port forwarding rules, handling of ...

  5. NAT traversal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAT_traversal

    NAT traversal. Network address translation traversal is a computer networking technique of establishing and maintaining Internet Protocol connections across gateways that implement network address translation (NAT). NAT traversal techniques are required for many network applications, such as peer-to-peer file sharing and voice over IP. [1]

  6. Internet Gateway Device Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Gateway_Device...

    Internet Gateway Device Protocol. Internet Gateway Device ( UPnP IGD) Control Protocol is a protocol based on UPnP for mapping ports in network address translation (NAT) setups, supported by some NAT-enabled routers. It is a common communications protocol for automatically configuring port forwarding, and is part of an ISO / IEC Standard [1] [2 ...

  7. Application-level gateway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application-level_gateway

    An application-level gateway ( ALG, also known as application layer gateway, application gateway, application proxy, or application-level proxy) is a security component that augments a firewall or NAT employed in a mobile network. [1] [2] It allows customized NAT traversal filters to be plugged into the gateway to support address and port ...

  8. Mapping of Address and Port - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapping_of_Address_and_Port

    NAPT-PT. v. t. e. Mapping of Address and Port ( MAP) is a proposal that combines A+P port address translation with the tunneling of legacy IPv4 protocol packets over an ISP's internal IPv6 network. MAP uses the extra bits available in the IPv6 address to contain the extra port range identifier bits of the A+P addressing pair that cannot be ...

  9. NAT Port Mapping Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAT_Port_Mapping_Protocol

    NAT Port Mapping Protocol (NAT-PMP) is a network protocol for establishing network address translation (NAT) settings and port forwarding configurations automatically without user effort. The protocol automatically determines the external IPv4 address of a NAT gateway, and provides means for an application to communicate the parameters for ...